Wetland plant responses to soil flooding

Pezeshki, S. R.

doi:10.1016/s0098-8472(01)00107-1

Cited by 523 publications

(398 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…Waterlogged soils have an Eh below +350 to +250 mV and dry soils above +380 to +400 mV, according to various authors (Pearsall and Mortimer 1939;Pezeshki 2001). For Kaurichev and Shishova (1967), four main classes of soil conditions can be determined according to Eh: Aerated soils have an Eh over+400 mV; moderately reduced soils between +100 and +400 mV; reduced soils between −100 and +100 mV; and highly reduced soils between −100 and −300 mV.…”

Section: Soil Eh and Ph At The Field Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Redox potential (Eh) and pH as drivers of soil/plant/microorganism systems: a transdisciplinary overview pointing to integrative opportunities for agronomy

2012

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Background Oxidation-reduction and acid-base reactions are essential for the maintenance of all living organisms. However, redox potential (Eh) has received little attention in agronomy, unlike pH, which is regarded as a master variable. Agronomists are probably depriving themselves of a key factor in crop and soil science which could be a useful integrative tool. Scope This paper reviews the existing literature on Eh in various disciplines connected to agronomy, whether associated or not with pH, and then integrates this knowledge within a composite framework. Conclusions This transdisciplinary review offers evidence that Eh and pH are respectively and jointly major drivers of soil/plant/microorganism systems. Information on the roles of Eh and pH in plant and microorganism physiology and in soil genesis converges to form an operational framework for further studies of soil/plant/microorganism functioning. This framework is based on the hypothesis that plants physiologically function within a specific internal Eh-pH range and that, along with microorganisms, they alter Eh and pH in the rhizosphere to ensure homeostasis at the cell level. This new perspective could help in bridging several disciplines related to agronomy, and across micro and macro-scales. It should help to improve cropping systems design and management, in conventional, organic, and conservation agriculture.

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Section: Soil Eh and Ph At The Field Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Redox potential (Eh) and pH as drivers of soil/plant/microorganism systems: a transdisciplinary overview pointing to integrative opportunities for agronomy

2012

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“…Sulfate reduction to sulfide, via microbial respiration, follows nitrate and iron reduction as the next most thermodynamically favorable reaction to microbes [Stumm and Morgan, 1996]. As excess sulfide is produced, it has the potential to chemically transform an ecosystem to a more sulfide tolerant plant and microbial community [Pezeshki, 2001;Wang and Chapman, 1999]. Under the pressure of sea level rise, the transition from coastal freshwater to saline wetlands is inevitable, but natural chemical mechanisms can alter the time course and severity of this transition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron clad wetlands: Soil iron‐sulfur buffering determines coastal wetland response to salt water incursion

2014

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Coastal freshwater wetland chemistry is rapidly changing due to increased frequency of salt water incursion, a consequence of global change. Seasonal salt water incursion introduces sulfate, which microbially reduces to sulfide. Sulfide binds with reduced iron, producing iron sulfide (FeS), recognizable in wetland soils by its characteristic black color. The objective of this study is to document iron and sulfate reduction rates, as well as product formation (acid volatile sulfide (AVS) and chromium reducible sulfide (CRS)) in a coastal freshwater wetland undergoing seasonal salt water incursion. Understanding iron and sulfur cycling, as well as their reduction products, allows us to calculate the degree of sulfidization (DOS), from which we can estimate how long soil iron will buffer against chemical effects of sea level rise. We show that soil chloride, a direct indicator of the degree of incursion, best predicted iron and sulfate reduction rates. Correlations between soil chloride and iron or sulfur reduction rates were strongest in the surface layer (0-3 cm), indicative of surface water incursion, rather than groundwater intrusion at our site. The interaction between soil moisture and extractable chloride was significantly related to increased AVS, whereas increased soil chloride was a stronger predictor of CRS. The current DOS in this coastal plains wetland is very low, resulting from high soil iron content and relatively small degree of salt water incursion. However, with time and continuous salt water exposure, iron will bind with incoming sulfur, creating FeS complexes, and DOS will increase.

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“…Sob alagamento, os espaços entre os sedimentos que compõe o solo são ocupados o que bloqueia as trocas gasosas na interface raiz -atmosfera. Assim, o potencial redox do solo diminui e a capacidade e realizar trocas iônicas com as raízes torna-se insuficiente (Pezeshki, 2001), de modo que a oxigenação das raízes e de outros órgãos das plantas essencialmente aeróbios é interrompida (Crawford e Beaendle, 1996;Visser et al, 2003). Para auxiliar na manutenção do metabolismo, outros mecanismos podem ter atuando conjuntamente, como a observada produção de raízes adventícias.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Na fase aquática, os espaços entre os sedimentos do solo são ocupados pela água, causando diversas alterações físico-químicas edáficas (Joly e Crawford, 1982). Dentre elas, a redução de oxigênio destaca-se por limitar os processos respiratórios das raízes e por tornar o meio hipóxico ou até mesmo anóxico (Pezeshki, 2001). Para as espécies arbóreas tolerarem os efeitos do alagamento, Lobo e Joly (1998) descrevem dois tipos de mecanismos biológicos que podem ser ativados.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeito da inundação de longa duração sob o crescimento de Pouteria glomerata (Sapotaceae), uma arbórea da várzea da Amazônia Central

2009

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RESUMOPara entender a ocorrência de P. glomerata na várzea amazônica, investigamos as respostas morfo-fisiológicas a longo período de inundação. Durante seis meses, plântulas de P. glomerata foram submetidas a dois tratamentos de inundação (parcial e total) para análise da assimilação fotossintética líquida (A), eficiência quântica do fotosistema II (referido como Fv/Fm), altura, número de folhas, diâmetro do colo do caule (DCC), área foliar e biomassa da planta. Encontramos um decréscimo da atividade de trocas gasosas, das taxas de crescimento e danos foliares com o aumento do nível de inundação. Após seis meses de experimento, a área foliar, a biomassa dos órgãos vegetativos (raiz, caule e folha) e a biomassa total das plântulas inundadas foram menores que das plântulas controle, plântulas não-inundadas. De acordo com o aumento do nível de inundação, a biomassa fotoassimilada foi alocada principalmente para o caule. Somente área foliar específica, razão raiz / parte aérea e massa seca de raiz não apresentaram diferenças entre os tratamentos. As plântulas totalmente inundadas foram fortemente comprometidas, demonstrando ser esta à condição mais crítica para a manutenção do metabolismo fisiológico. P. glomerata foi afetada pelo longo período de inundação, no entanto a espécie revela adaptações morfo-fisiologica que justifica a sua ocorrência em florestas de várzea. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Assimilação fotossintética, eficiência quântica do fotossistema II, biomassa, tolerância e plasticidade fenotípica. Growth of Pouteria glomerata (Sapotaceae), a tree species from the Central Amazonian floodplain, under long-term flooding ABSTRACTTo understand the occurrence of P. glomerata in the Amazonian várzea we investigated the morpho-physiological responses to long-term flooding. Seedlings of P. glomerata were subjected to two flooding treatments (partial and total) for six months. Following flooding treatments, we examined light-saturated photosynthesis (A), the potential quantum yield of photosystem II (inferred as the Fv/Fm ratio), height, number of leaves (NF), stem diameter at the base of the plant (DCC), leaf area and plant biomass. We found a decrease in gas exchange parameters and growth rates, whereas leaf damage increased with flooding. After six months of flooding, leaf area, and the total plant biomass as well as the biomass of the vegetative organs (leaf, stem and root) were lower in flooded seedlings than in control, non-flooded plants. As flooding level increased assimilated carbon was mainly allocated to stems. However, flooding treatments had no significant effect on specific leaf area, the root/shoot ratio and dry mass of roots. Totally submerged roots of flooded seedlings were strongly affected, showing to be the most critical condition for maintenance of physiological metabolism. P. glomerata was affected by long-term flooding. Thus, P. glomerata exhibited adjusts morpho-fisiological which makes it possible for this species to occur in the Amazon floodplain forest.KEY WORDS: Photosynthetic assimilation, quantum...

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Wetland plant responses to soil flooding

Cited by 523 publications

References 100 publications

Redox potential (Eh) and pH as drivers of soil/plant/microorganism systems: a transdisciplinary overview pointing to integrative opportunities for agronomy

Redox potential (Eh) and pH as drivers of soil/plant/microorganism systems: a transdisciplinary overview pointing to integrative opportunities for agronomy

Iron clad wetlands: Soil iron‐sulfur buffering determines coastal wetland response to salt water incursion

Efeito da inundação de longa duração sob o crescimento de Pouteria glomerata (Sapotaceae), uma arbórea da várzea da Amazônia Central

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