Wetland-based solutions against extreme flood and severe drought: Efficiency evaluation of risk mitigation

Wu, Yanfeng; Sun, Jingxuan; Hu, Boting; Zhang, Guangxin; Rousseau, Alain N.

doi:10.1016/j.crm.2023.100505

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Previously, marshy peatland areas and upstream valleys acted as natural sponges, efficiently storing water from heavy rainfall, and gradually releasing it as small, steady streams. Across Europe, many of these vital wetland areas have been drained and altered [11][12][13][14]. As a result, the once steady flows of water have transformed into highly pulsating streams, exhibiting immediate responses to rainfall.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact of wetlands on hydrological extremes and nutrient export has been studied using different hydrological models [13,[18][19][20][21][22], including the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model [23], and observational studies [12,24,25]. Impacts seem to vary with location [26] and wetland type but the consensus is that wetlands reduce peak flows [27,28] and nutrient loading [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro-Catchments, Macro Effects: Natural Water Retention Measures in the Kylldal Catchment, Germany

Nauta,

Waterloo,

Gevaert

et al. 2024

Water

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Floods are among the most devastating and financially burdensome natural disasters in Europe. The combined impact of climate change and land use change is expected to exacerbate and intensify the destructive consequences of river floods. In this study, we analysed the effects of wetland restoration on peak and base flows and on water quality in the Kylldal catchment of the Kyll River in the German Middle Mountains using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool+ (SWAT+). Monthly median daily discharge increases varied between 3% and 33% in the studied (micro)catchments. The higher median flow rates show that discharge peaks were attenuated and distributed over a longer period, making both extreme peak flows and low flows less common. Peak flows tended to decrease, with the largest effects between late fall and early spring when peak flow values decreased by up to 18%. The annual maximum peak flows in each of the three micro-catchments decreased by 12–24% on average. The occurrence of daily average flow rates larger than 1 m3 s−1 was up to 45% lower after wetland restoration. Low flows increased by up to 21% and 13% in the summer and fall, respectively, which suggests that drought risk also decreases after wetland restoration. Average nitrogen exports decreased by 38–50% in the project areas and by 20% at the catchment level. Average phosphorus exports decreased by 52–67% in the project areas and by 25% at the catchment level. The study highlights the potential of wetland restoration for improving hydrological services, mitigating flood risks, and enhancing water quality. Restoring and maintaining freshwater ecosystems and their natural sponge functions is crucial for effectively managing water resources and addressing the challenges posed by climate change and land use changes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Catchments, Macro Effects: Natural Water Retention Measures in the Kylldal Catchment, Germany

Nauta,

Waterloo,

Gevaert

et al. 2024

Water

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“…While some studies have shown that peatlands reduce peak flood magnitudes (Acreman et al, 2003; Kadykalo & Findlay, 2016; Mitsch et al, 1977; Wu et al, 2020) others have indicated that they instead increase flood magnitude depending on their available storage (Acreman & Holden, 2013; Bay, 1969; Bullock & Acreman, 2003; Burt, 1995; Holden & Burt, 2003). For example, a recent study conducted by Wu et al (2023), investigated how different types and locations of peatlands affect their efficiency in regulating floods and droughts in the Nenjiang River Basin, China. By using a hydrological modelling platform, they found that wetlands have the capability to mitigate extreme floods and alleviate severe droughts within the basin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local‐ and network‐scale influence of peatlands on boreal catchment response to rainfall events

Karimi,

Leach,

Karlsen

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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Boreal catchments are composed of different land covers, such as forests, peatlands and lakes, which differ in their runoff response to rainfall events. Understanding the individual and combined responses to rainfall events of these different land cover types is crucial for predicting potential impacts of future climate conditions on boreal water cycling. A common assumption is that peatlands attenuate peak flows, which is used as a motivation to restore drained boreal wetlands. However, it remains unclear how and to what extent peatlands can affect peak flow response. Only a few previous studies have looked at the hydrologic dynamics of peatlands in response to specific rainfall events across a wide range of nested sub‐catchments with varying peatland cover. In this study, we use nine years of hourly hydrometric data from 14 catchments within the Krycklan Catchment Study in northern Sweden to examine how peatlands contribute to flood attenuation at both local and stream network scales. Our analysis at the local scale demonstrated that during large events with low antecedent wetness conditions, peatland‐dominated catchment exhibited more muted responses compared to the similar‐sized forest‐dominated catchment. However, during events with high antecedent wetness conditions, the peatland‐dominated catchment exhibited flood magnitudes similar to the forest‐dominated catchment, although the elevated flow condition at the peatland‐dominated catchment persisted for longer periods. Finally, our analysis revealed no significant influence of peatlands on the attenuation or amplification of floods at the stream network scale.

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Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) for Sustainable Riverine Systems: Case Study Bengawan Solo Watershed, Indonesia

Mustofa,

Perdinan,

Adi

et al. 2024

Springer Proceedings in Physics

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Wetland-based solutions against extreme flood and severe drought: Efficiency evaluation of risk mitigation

Cited by 5 publications

References 89 publications

Micro-Catchments, Macro Effects: Natural Water Retention Measures in the Kylldal Catchment, Germany

Micro-Catchments, Macro Effects: Natural Water Retention Measures in the Kylldal Catchment, Germany

Local‐ and network‐scale influence of peatlands on boreal catchment response to rainfall events

Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) for Sustainable Riverine Systems: Case Study Bengawan Solo Watershed, Indonesia

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