Wet synthesis of high purity crystalline urea phosphate from untreated Moroccan industrial phosphoric acid

Cherrat, Ayoub; Bettach, Mohammed; Ennaciri, Yassine; Alaoui-Belghiti, Hanan El; Benkhouja, K.

doi:10.48317/imist.prsm/morjchem-v8i4.20915

Cited by 2 publications

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“…This clearly shows that all characteristic bands corresponding to urea phosphate are present, as stated by Abou-Okeil and El-Shafie [30]. According to Ilczyszyo et al [31], the characteristic bands of the urea phosphate can be attributed to three types of vibrations: urea vibration (NH 2 , C=O and CN 2 species), phosphate vibration (PO 4 3− group) and hydrogen bond vibrations (O-H-O bond) [32]. Valence vibrations of the -OH group are visible in the frequency range of 3650-3200 cm −1 .…”

Section: The Influence Of the Crystallization Conditions On The Ftir ...supporting

confidence: 56%

Influence of the Process Parameters on the Synthesis of Urea Phosphate and the Properties of the Obtained Product

Jančaitienė,

Medekšaitė,

Šlinkšienė

2023

Crystals

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The ever-increasing food demand associated with the growing human population poses similar challenges to both farmers and fertilizer producers. In view of climate change and the increasing area of infertile land, it is very important to use correctly balanced and highly effective fertilizers in agriculture. Water-soluble fertilizers are becoming more and more popular. It is convenient to use them together with irrigation water because this reduces the negative effects of droughts and accelerates the assimilation of nutrients needed by plants. The aim of this work was to synthesize urea phosphate (UP) (water-soluble complex nitrogen–phosphorus fertilizers NPF) through the reaction of phosphoric acid and urea. The most important moment of the work is that the synthesis was carried out using a purified wet-process phosphoric acid (PWPA) and urea by varying the stoichiometric ratio and the duration time of crystallization. Based on the results of the experiment, it was found that, in the presence of excess acid, the concentration of phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) is too high, the concentration of amide nitrogen (Namide) is too low, and vice versa. The best ratio of P2O5 and Namide was determined when both reactants were used in a ratio of 1.0:1.0. Crystallization was carried out at 20 °C with different reaction times: 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. Analysis of the chemical composition of the synthesized urea phosphate and determination of the main components, i.e., Namide and P2O5 concentrations, were performed using standard fertilizer analysis methods. Using the optical emission spectroscopy, the concentrations of chemical elements (sulphur, aluminium, iron, calcium, magnesium, silicon, etc.) were also determined in the synthesized product. During the experiment, not only the chemical composition of the product, but also the resulting crystals of the product, and their size and shape—properties that are highly dependent on the duration of crystallization—were analysed. The thermal stability of UP crystals was investigated using simultaneous thermal analysis; the crystallinity of UP was determined using X-ray diffraction analysis; the identification of groups of chemical elements was carried out using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy analysis; the shape and size of crystals were investigated using scan electron microscopy and optical microscope techniques.

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Section: The Influence Of the Crystallization Conditions On The Ftir ...supporting

confidence: 56%

Influence of the Process Parameters on the Synthesis of Urea Phosphate and the Properties of the Obtained Product

Jančaitienė,

Medekšaitė,

Šlinkšienė

2023

Crystals

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“…In addition, this production process may lead to high pressure on ammonia recovery equipment and high energy consumption for purification and reuse. In contrast, urea phosphate is synthesized using wet phosphoric acid, and most of the impurities in wet phosphoric acid are still retained in the mother liquor . Furthermore, this method involves a simple pretreatment of raw materials, low impurity content, and low reaction energy consumption, which makes it highly competitive in APP synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Pot Synthesis and Hydrolysis Behavior of Highly Water-Soluble Ammonium Polyphosphate

Wang

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) exhibits high water solubility, mobility, and slow-release properties, which can greatly improve the utilization of phosphorus by alleviating soil phosphorus fixation. However, obtaining an efficient method of preparing APP that involves low energy consumption and production cost remains a challenge in current industrial production. Herein, by using urea phosphate (UP) as the main feedstock, we established a simple one-pot method for synthesizing highly water-soluble APP and explored the regulatory mechanism of the reaction temperature, the ratio of urea phosphate to monoammonium phosphate (MAP)/potassium dihydrogen phosphate (MKP), and the reaction time on APP performance. After analyzing the products obtained from different reaction conditions, we classified the polymerization process into the following stages: chain generation and chain growth. The chain generation reaction occurs simultaneously with the chain growth reaction, and the chain growth reaction tends to dominate with further reaction time. Furthermore, the optimum processing conditions for industrial production were obtained by comparing product performance, and the resulting APP products exhibit the following characteristics: the N and P contents were 20.6% and 58.8%, respectively, the polymerization rate (Pr) was 93.6%, the degree of polymerization was 4.22, and the solubility was 263.91 g/100 g H2O. Finally, to characterize the stability of the APP liquid fertilizer, we further investigated the hydrolysis behavior of APP and obtained the apparent activation energy (E a = 93.17 kJ/mol) of APP hydrolysis and the evolution of polymerization degree distribution of APP at different pH values. Overall, our results indicate that low temperature and alkaline conditions can greatly prolong the storage time of ammonium polyphosphate-based liquid fertilizers, which provides a basis to compound highly concentrated ammonium polyphosphate-based liquid fertilizers.

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Wet synthesis of high purity crystalline urea phosphate from untreated Moroccan industrial phosphoric acid

Cited by 2 publications

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Influence of the Process Parameters on the Synthesis of Urea Phosphate and the Properties of the Obtained Product

Influence of the Process Parameters on the Synthesis of Urea Phosphate and the Properties of the Obtained Product

One-Pot Synthesis and Hydrolysis Behavior of Highly Water-Soluble Ammonium Polyphosphate

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