Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larval Survival and Damage Potential to Corn Subjected to Nitrogen and Plant Density Treatments

Spike, B. P.; Tollefson, J. J.

doi:10.1093/jee/81.5.1450

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…In addition, edaphic conditions also affect root damage. Spike and Tollefson (1988) found that increased nitrogen levels increased root damage. In our experiment, preplant nitrogen was applied to all plots at the same time, so it is possible that the later plantings would have experienced some loss of nitrogen from leaching, contributing to less root damage in those plots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Sweet Corn and Evaluation of Insecticidal and Cultural Control Options

Hoffmann

Kirkwyland

Gardner

2000

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The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is an important pest of corn, Zea mays L., causing yield losses from root damage, plant lodging, and silk feeding. Because little is known about its impact on sweet corn, we conducted research to evaluate the combined effects of insecticide, planting date, and cultivar on root damage, plant lodging, and yield in central New York sweet corn. We also examined the influence of planting date and cultivar on the emergence of adult western corn rootworms. The research was conducted in 1994 and again in 1995 by using a split-split plot experimental design with insecticide as main plot, planting date as subplot, and cultivar as sub-subplot. The effect of cultivar on beetle emergence was not significant. Root damage was not correlated with adult emergence in 1994 but was positively correlated in 1995. In 1994, there was no interaction of the main factors, and all factors had a significant impact on root damage. In 1995 there was an interaction of insecticide and planting date, and of cultivar and planting date. Generally, root damage was reduced by insecticide and later planting. Plant lodging was affected by the interaction of insecticide and planting date, and the interaction of cultivar and planting date, for both years of the study. As with root damage, lodging was reduced with insecticide treatment and later planting but also was dependent on cultivar. In 1994 and especially in 1995, silk clipping by adult western corn rootworms precluded much inference about how yield was influenced by larval feeding damage on roots. The number of emerging western corn rootworm adults was lower and later in later plantings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Sweet Corn and Evaluation of Insecticidal and Cultural Control Options

Hoffmann

Kirkwyland

Gardner

2000

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“…Management zones for soil insecticide treatment at planting time were set based on the economic injury levels (EILs) for ear-zone adult counts in the previous year. Even though the EIL for ear-zone adult counts is 0.35 with 27,000 plants/acre (Wright et al 1999), the subsequent year's adult emergence is still largely dependent upon winter weather, tillage Tollefson 1987, 1988;Riedell et al 1991;Roth et al 1995), and precipitation in early spring (Spike and Tollefson 1988). Such unpredictability was considered by varying the values of EILs to generate a series of management zones.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of soil moisture on the survivorship of larvae was studied by Sutter et al (1967), Spike and Tollefson (1988), and Sutter and Gustin (1990). Saturated topsoil for a period of at least 5 days in early June during egg hatching resulted in a reduction of root damage (Sutter et al 1967) and a 50% reduction in com rootworm beetle emergence (Spike and Tollefson 1988) by preventing larval establishment upon roots of the host plant (Sutter and Gustin 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corn rootworms (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in space and time

Park

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“…Tolerance to corn rootworm injury is conferred by a large root system and the plantÕs ability to regenerate injured roots (Rogers et al 1975, Spike and Tollefson 1989, Gray and Steffey 1998. Root regrowth after the period of larval injury has been shown to explain 60 Ð 65% of the variability in grain yield (Spike and Tollefson 1988). However, interplant competition at high plant densities can also suppress root size and the amount of root regrowth (Spike and Tollefson 1989).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Row Spacing and Plant Density on Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Emergence and Damage Potential to Corn

Nowatzki¹,

Tollefson²,

Bailey³

2002

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Planting corn, Zea mays L., in row spacings less than the conventional width of 76 cm has been shown to increase grain yields. This study was conducted to determine if row spacing and plant density affected corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte and D. barberi Smith & Lawrence, adult emergence, larval injury to the roots, and plant tolerance to injury. Field experiments were conducted at Ames and Nashua, IA, in 1998, 1999, and 2000. Treatments were row spacings of 38 and 76 cm, and plant populations of 64,500 and 79,600 plants per hectare. Adult emergence was 31% greater in 38 cm compared with 76-cm rows. However, root injury was not significantly different between row spacings or plant populations. Row spacing alone did not significantly influence tolerance to injury, measured as root size and the amount of root regrowth. However, at one environment where precipitation was low, plants in 38-cm rows produced 25% more regrowth compared with plants in 76-cm rows. Root dry weight and regrowth were suppressed by 16 and 32%, respectively, at the high plant population. Although lodging was 51% lower in the 38-cm rows compared with the 76-cm rows, grain yields were not significantly different between row spacings. Reducing the row spacing of field corn from 76-38 cm should not increase the potential for injury from corn rootworm larvae.

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Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Larval Survival and Damage Potential to Corn Subjected to Nitrogen and Plant Density Treatments

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Impact of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Sweet Corn and Evaluation of Insecticidal and Cultural Control Options

Impact of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Sweet Corn and Evaluation of Insecticidal and Cultural Control Options

Corn rootworms (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in space and time

Effects of Row Spacing and Plant Density on Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Emergence and Damage Potential to Corn

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