Western blot profile in HIV infection

Sudha, Talasila; Lakshmi, V; Teja, Vijay Dharma

doi:10.4103/0378-6323.27752

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Band-based HIV antibody confirmatory assays such as WB and RIBA remained to be the mostly used strategy worldwide [ 20 ]. They are able to detect HIV specific antibodies in most subjects, but acute HIV infection and late-stage HIV infection maybe negative or indeterminate for HIV antibody tests [ 3 , 21 – 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the same time, the recent HIV-1 infection and suspected acute HIV infection seem to be increased, which may be caused by the extensive usage of the sensitive 4 th generation ELISA and/or chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) kits in China, and may also be associated with the efforts of China in intervening HIV infection among high risk population in recent years [ 27 , 28 ]. Previous studies have reported that the number, intensity and order of emergence of WB bands were affected by the stage of HIV infection [ 10 , 11 ], and pol antibodies may be predictors of seroconversion [ 4 ], especially p31 [ 10 , 20 , 29 – 31 ] and p66 [ 12 ]. In this study, we identified that the absence rates of p31, p66, and p51 were 17.03%, 9.40%, and 15.15% respectively and all of them increased significantly from 2012 to 2018.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-HIV-1 antibodies based confirmatory results in Wuhan, China, 2012-2018

et al. 2020

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The number, intensity and order of emergence of HIV-1 specific antibodies in serum or plasma were associated with the stage of HIV-1 infection. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the HIV-1 confirmatory results tested by western blot (WB) or recombination immunoblot assay (RIBA) in Wuhan, 2012-2018, to access the profiles of HIV-1 specific antibodies. A total of 14432 HIV-suspected serum or plasma samples collected from local hospitals and other HIV screening laboratories were further screened by two 4 th generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits in our laboratory, of which 11068 specimens (76.69%) had at least one positive ELISA result and thereby were finally confirmed with WB or RIBA. RIBA had identified 652 (81.09%) positive and 13 (1.62%) indeterminate cases from July 1, 2014 to January 7, 2015, while WB had identified 8358 (81.43%) positive and 643 (6.26%) indeterminate cases in the other times during 2012-2018. The indeterminate rate of WB was significant higher than that of RIBA (p<0.001). Although the number of HIV-1 infected subjects increased significantly from 2012 (n = 911) to 2018 (n = 1578), the positive rate of HIV-1 antibodies decreased markedly from 70.08% in 2012 to 58.79% in 2018 (p<0.001). The most commonly observed antibody profile was gp160+gp120+p66 +(p55+)p51+gp41+p31+p24+p17+ (4131, 49.43%) for WB-MP and gp160+gp120+gp41 +p31+p24+p17+ (382, 58.59%) for RIBA-WANTAI, and the absence of reactivity to three possible serologic markers for recent HIV-1 infection, p31, p66, and p51, increased significantly from 2012 to 2018, with the overall rate of 17.03%, 9.40%, and 15.15%, respectively. The suspected acute HIV-1 infection was also observed to be increased in recent years, with an overall rate of 1.00%. Our results indicated the detection rate had decreased for HIV-1 infection, but increased for suspected recent and acute HIV-1 infection during 2012-2018, reflecting the efforts of intervention among high risk population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-HIV-1 antibodies based confirmatory results in Wuhan, China, 2012-2018

et al. 2020

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“…We therefore opted to only reclassify as advanced infections those patients with a CD4 count of less than 100 cells/mm 3 that are considered as recently infected by BED CEIA only. False recent predictions of BED EIA in the advanced stage of infection can be explained by the reduction in HIV antibody concentration with progressing disease [ 30 ]. This decrease in antibody concentration may also lead to disappearance of p31 antibodies but seems to have little effect on the overall antibody affinity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision tree for accurate infection timing in individuals newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThere is today no gold standard method to accurately define the time passed since infection at HIV diagnosis. Infection timing and incidence measurement is however essential to better monitor the dynamics of local epidemics and the effect of prevention initiatives.MethodsThree methods for infection timing were evaluated using 237 serial samples from documented seroconversions and 566 cross sectional samples from newly diagnosed patients: identification of antibodies against the HIV p31 protein in INNO-LIA, SediaTM BED CEIA and SediaTM LAg-Avidity EIA. A multi-assay decision tree for infection timing was developed.ResultsClear differences in recency window between BED CEIA, LAg-Avidity EIA and p31 antibody presence were observed with a switch from recent to long term infection a median of 169.5, 108.0 and 64.5 days after collection of the pre-seroconversion sample respectively. BED showed high reliability for identification of long term infections while LAg-Avidity is highly accurate for identification of recent infections. Using BED as initial assay to identify the long term infections and LAg-Avidity as a confirmatory assay for those classified as recent infection by BED, explores the strengths of both while reduces the workload. The short recency window of p31 antibodies allows to discriminate very early from early infections based on this marker. BED recent infection results not confirmed by LAg-Avidity are considered to reflect a period more distant from the infection time. False recency predictions in this group can be minimized by elimination of patients with a CD4 count of less than 100 cells/mm3 or without no p31 antibodies. For 566 cross sectional sample the outcome of the decision tree confirmed the infection timing based on the results of all 3 markers but reduced the overall cost from 13.2 USD to 5.2 USD per sample.ConclusionsA step-wise multi assay decision tree allows accurate timing of the HIV infection at diagnosis at affordable effort and cost and can be an important new tool in studies analyzing the dynamics of local epidemics or the effects of prevention strategies.

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Multistrip Western blotting to increase quantitative data output

et al. 2007

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The qualitative and quantitative measurement of protein abundance and protein modification states are essential in understanding their role in diverse cellular processes. Traditional Western blotting technique, though sensitive, is prone to produce substantial errors and is not readily adapted to highthroughput technologies. We propose a modified immunoblotting procedure, which is based on simultaneous transfer of proteins from multiple gel-strips onto the same membrane, and is compatible with any conventional gel electrophoresis system. As a result, the data output per single blotting cycle can readily be increased up to ten-fold. In contrast to the traditional "one protein detection per electrophoresis cycle", this procedure allows simultaneous monitoring of up to nine different proteins. In addition to maintaining the ability to detect picogram quantities of protein, the modified system substantially improves data accuracy by reducing signal errors by two-fold. Multi-strip Western blotting procedure allows making statistically reliable side-by-side comparisons of different or repeated sets of data. Compared to the traditional methods, this approach provides a more economical, reproducible and effective procedure, facilitating the generation of large amounts of high-quality quantifiable data.

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Western blot profile in HIV infection

Abstract: Interpretation of the WB band pattern in combination with clinical features may be occasionally useful in predicting the stage of HIV infection.

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Anti-HIV-1 antibodies based confirmatory results in Wuhan, China, 2012-2018

Anti-HIV-1 antibodies based confirmatory results in Wuhan, China, 2012-2018

Decision tree for accurate infection timing in individuals newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection

Multistrip Western blotting to increase quantitative data output

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