West Nile Virus Surveillance in Connecticut in 2000: An Intense Epizootic without High Risk for Severe Human Disease

Hadler, James L.; Nelson, Randall; McCarthy, Tara; Andreadis, Theodore G.; Lis, Mary Jane; French, Richard A.; Beckwith, William H.; Mayo, Donald R.; Archambault, Gary; Cartter, Matthew L.

doi:10.3201/eid0704.010406

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Staten Island also had the highest number of human cases, while few human cases were reported from the other surrounding areas with viral activity in 1999 and 2000, and none were reported from upstate counties. This pattern was supported by data from Connecticut showing moderate dead crow densities in a county that had viral activity in both 1999 and 2000 and one WN virus-positive person with a mild illness in 2000 (8). Similarly, Staten Island had a higher proportion of birds that tested positive and higher mosquito infection rates (9,10).…”

Section: West Nile Virussupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Similarly, Staten Island had a higher proportion of birds that tested positive and higher mosquito infection rates (9,10). These and other analyses of WN virus in the northeastern United States in 2000 (3,(8)(9)(10) indicate that dead bird and mosquito surveillance can be useful for monitoring viral activity and the potential for human cases in this geographic area. Tracking dead crow density avoids delays inherent in specimen collection and testing and thus may be more helpful on a weekly basis to permit rapid recognition of trends in viral activity and the potential for occasional human cases or an outbreak.…”

Section: West Nile Virusmentioning

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dead Crow Densities and Human Cases of West Nile Virus, New York State, 2000

Eidson

Miller²,

Kramer³

et al. 2001

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: West Nile Virussupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: West Nile Virusmentioning

confidence: 91%

Dead Crow Densities and Human Cases of West Nile Virus, New York State, 2000

Eidson

Miller²,

Kramer³

et al. 2001

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Furthermore, as this information was used in the state's effort to access the potential risk of WNV transmission to humans, the decreased turn around time afforded by RT-PCR screening enabled for much more rapid diagnostics and proved useful for surveillance purposes. 22 However, aside from its time-and costsaving benefits, this study also illustrates one of the inherent disadvantages of PCR-based diagnostics, namely its specificity. Our isolations of EEEV exemplifies the need for additional confirmatory diagnostics for all RT-PCR-negative specimens when more than one pathogen is a strong possibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Isolation of eastern equine encephalitis virus and West Nile virus from crows during increased arbovirus surveillance in Connecticut, 2000.

Beckwith¹,

Sirpenski²,

French³

et al. 2002

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The emergence of the West Nile virus (WNV) in the northeastern United States has drawn emphasis to the need for expanded arbovirus surveillance in Connecticut. Although the state of Connecticut began a comprehensive mosquito-screening program in 1997, only since 1999 have there been efforts to determine the prevalence of arboviruses in bird populations in this state. Herein, we report on our results of an arbovirus survey of 1,704 bird brains. Included in this report are the first known isolations of eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) from crows and data on the geographic and temporal distribution of 1,092 WNV isolations from crow species. Moreover, these nine isolations of EEEV identify regions of Connecticut where the virus is rarely found. With the exception of WNV and EEEV, no other arboviruses were isolated or detected. Taken together, these data illustrate the distribution of avian borne EEEV and WNV in 2000 and support the need for ongoing avian arbovirus surveillance in Connecticut.

show abstract

“…Field observations and laboratory studies by a number investigators (Turell et al 2000Andreadis et al 2001Andreadis et al , 2004Hadler et al 2001;Sardelis et al 2001;Condotta et al 2004;Kilpatrick et al 2005;Ebel et al 2005; Andreadis and Armstrong 2007) support the hypothesis that Culex (Culex) restuans Theobald plays a signiÞcant role in the transmission dynamics of West Nile virus (WNV) in eastern and mid-western United States. Because Cx.…”

Section: Abstract Culex Restuans Vector Competence Wnv Chicagomentioning

confidence: 76%

Vector Competence ofCulex restuans(Diptera: Culicidae) From Two Regions of Chicago With Low and High Prevalence of West Nile Virus Human Infections

Mutebi¹,

Swope

Doyle

et al. 2012

J Med Entomol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vector competence studies for West Nile virus (WNV) were conducted for two Culex (Culex) restuans Theobald populations Edison Park (EP) and Illinois Medical District (IMD), in Chicago, IL. The aim was to determine if there were differences between mosquito populations that contributed to the observed differences in the prevalence of WNV. Percentages of orally infected, disseminated, and transmitting mosquitoes were estimated using a generalized linear mixed effects model including a random effect for family to account for anticipated within-family correlation. Analysis indicated that percentages of infected, disseminated, and transmitting mosquitoes were not significantly different between EP and IMD. The within-family correlation was 0.46 (95% CI 0.28, 0.67), indicating reasonably strong tendency for WNV titers of bodies, saliva, and legs within families to be similar. Overall, our results show that vector competence of Cx. restuans for WNV is not a contributing factor to the observed differences in WNV human cases between the EP and IMD areas of Chicago.

show abstract

West Nile Virus Surveillance in Connecticut in 2000: An Intense Epizootic without High Risk for Severe Human Disease

Cited by 34 publications

References 7 publications

Dead Crow Densities and Human Cases of West Nile Virus, New York State, 2000

Dead Crow Densities and Human Cases of West Nile Virus, New York State, 2000

Isolation of eastern equine encephalitis virus and West Nile virus from crows during increased arbovirus surveillance in Connecticut, 2000.

Vector Competence ofCulex restuans(Diptera: Culicidae) From Two Regions of Chicago With Low and High Prevalence of West Nile Virus Human Infections

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About