West Nile Virus and Other Nationally Notifiable Arboviral Diseases — United States, 2014

Lindsey, Nicole P.; Lehman, Jennifer; Staples, J. Erin; Fischer, Marc

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6434a1

Cited by 76 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…48,49 The clinical presentations of previously described JCV case patients were similar to those of ours, although previous case patients were more likely to have neuroinvasive disease (79%) than ours (54%). [2][3][4] This may be the result of prior studies focusing JCV testing on patients with neuroinvasive disease.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…48 Although 65% of the JCV case patients included in our series had illness onsets during the traditional arboviral transmission season, July through September, this percentage is lower than typically observed among reported cases of West Nile virus disease (> 90% with illness onsets during JulySeptember) and LACV disease (81% with illness onsets during July-September). 49 Although some difference in seasonal distribution may result from the smaller number of cases in our study, it may also be influenced by different vectors or how vectors first acquired the virus. For instance, Grimstad 50 suggested that certain mosquitoes (e.g., Aedes stimulans) may be responsible for transmitting JCV earlier in the year, whereas other species may transmit JCV later, creating a bi-modal peak in the seasonal distribution of JCV disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Jamestown Canyon Virus Disease in the United States—2000–2013

Pastula¹,

Johnson²,

White³

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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118

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Abstract. Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) is a mosquito-borne orthobunyavirus in the California serogroup that can cause an acute febrile illness, meningitis, or meningoencephalitis. We describe epidemiologic and clinical features for JCV disease cases occurring in the United States during 2000-2013. A case of JCV disease was defined as an acute illness in a person with laboratory evidence of a recent JCV infection. During 2000-2013, we identified 31 cases of JCV disease in residents of 13 states. The median age was 48 years (range, 10-69) and 21 (68%) were male. Eleven (35%) case patients had meningoencephalitis, 6 (19%) meningitis, 7 (23%) fever without neurologic involvement, and 7 (23%) had an unknown clinical syndrome. Fifteen (48%) were hospitalized and there were no deaths. Health-care providers and public health officials should consider JCV disease in the differential diagnoses of viral meningitis and encephalitis, obtain appropriate specimens for testing, and report cases to public health authorities.Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) is a mosquito-borne orthobunyavirus that causes an acute febrile illness, meningitis, or meningoencephalitis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Jamestown Canyon Virus Disease in the United States—2000–2013

Pastula¹,

Johnson²,

White³

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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118

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“…WNV, which was first identified in the West Nile subregion of Uganda, is now endemic in temperate and tropical regions throughout the world, causing yearly outbreaks of encephalitis, with a mortality rate of 5 % to 10 % [16]. MVEV causes similar outbreaks in Australia, New Guinea, and New Zealand, while SLEV rarely causes encephalitis in the USA (<10 cases per year) [16,17]. JEV is the most medically important member of the serogroup, causing 30,000 to 50,000 cases of encephalitis and 10,000 deaths each year in Asia [18].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Encephalitic Arbovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encephalitic Arboviruses: Emergence, Clinical Presentation, and Neuropathogenesis

2016

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Arboviruses are arthropod-borne viruses that exhibit worldwide distribution, contributing to systemic and neurologic infections in a variety of geographical locations. Arboviruses are transmitted to vertebral hosts during blood feedings by mosquitoes, ticks, biting flies, mites, and nits. While the majority of arboviral infections do not lead to neuroinvasive forms of disease, they are among the most severe infectious risks to the health of the human central nervous system. The neurologic diseases caused by arboviruses include meningitis, encephalitis, myelitis, encephalomyelitis, neuritis, and myositis in which virus-and immune-mediated injury may lead to severe, persisting neurologic deficits or death. Here we will review the major families of emerging arboviruses that cause neurologic infections, their neuropathogenesis and host neuroimmunologic responses, and current strategies for treatment and prevention of neurologic infections they cause.

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“…Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are transmitted to humans primarily through the bites of infected hematophagous arthropods, for example mosquitoes (Lindsey et al, 2014). These viruses are maintained in the zoonotic cycle with humans as incidental dead-end host with limited role in the maintenance of this cycle (Ochieng et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the ecosystem, the viruses are incubated through intrinsic and extrinsic incubation. Aedes and Culex are genera of mosquitoes known to potentially get infected and transmit a range of arboviruses including Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika virus, Yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis and Venezuelan equine encephalitis among others (Lindsey et al, 2014). These viruses cause a ranging degree of clinical syndromes with different severity in humans and domestic/ wild animals (Ranjit and Kissoon, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entomological Coinfections of Arboviruses Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses along the Coastline of Kenya

Ngala¹,

Chanasit²

2018

jmr

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Arthropod-borne disease outbreaks as a result of pathogen influx including arboviruses transmitted by strains of Aedes species occur periodically in varying spots in Kenya. However, there has been paucity of documented information on the Aedes species involved in transmission of different haplotypes of arboviruses. This study assessed for concomitant infection of arboviruses in different vectors. Aedes species were sampled by Bio gent sentinel trap. Mosquitoes were stunned at 4°C for 5 minutes; sorted according to site, species and sex. RNA was extracted using Trizole®. cDNA was generated using one step real time PCR. Proportions of vectors and arboviruses were analyzed by R-statistics. A total of 37, 220 mosquitoes of Aedes species were analyzed. Vectors were: Aedes aegypti formosus (23,265=62.5%), Aedes aegypti aegypti (4,931=13.2%), Aedes mcintoshi (3,557=9.56%), Aedes ochraceus (2,156=5.79%), Aedes pembaensis (2,049=5.51%), Aedes tricholabis (487=1.31%), Aedes albicosta (415=1.11%), Aedes fulgens (200=0.54%) and Aedes fryeri (160=0.43%). Dengue virus (DENV) had highest entomological infections at 79% (n=1910) while Chikungunya (CHIKV) at 21%. DENV-2 had the highest frequency at 54%, while DENV-4 with the least frequency at 6%. Only ECSA genotype of CHIKV was present. Concomitant infections of arboviral haplotypes in different clades of Aedes species occur along the coastal region. Aedes aegypti aegypti is incubates all serotypes of DENV and genotype of CHIK viruses thus the major vectors of arboviruses. This information is important as it gives knowledge on areas at high risk for arboviral disease outbreaks. Consecutively, up scaled survey and implementation of control and prevention measures taken appropriately.

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West Nile Virus and Other Nationally Notifiable Arboviral Diseases — United States, 2014

Cited by 76 publications

References 7 publications

Jamestown Canyon Virus Disease in the United States—2000–2013

Jamestown Canyon Virus Disease in the United States—2000–2013

Encephalitic Arboviruses: Emergence, Clinical Presentation, and Neuropathogenesis

Entomological Coinfections of Arboviruses Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses along the Coastline of Kenya

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