West African Triaenodes McLachlan (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae). 2. Subgenus Triaenodess sensu stricto

Andersen, Trond; Holzenthal, Ralph W.

doi:10.1163/22119434-900000100

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, many of the species occurring in zone III are comparatively well known and widespread taxa. Hydroptila cruciata is for instance distributed throughout the Afrotropical region (Botosaneanu 1992;de Moor 1992;Gibon et al 1994;Wells and Andersen 1995); Cheumatopsyche sexfasciata and Macrostemum inscriptum are both known from most of the Afrotropical region (e.g., Gibon et al 1994); Athripsodes caeruleatus and A. lardeuxi are known from many larger rivers in West Africa (Gibon 1991); and Oecetis africana, O. pangana, and Triaenodes darfurica are all widespread in Africa (Gibbs 1973;Johanson 1992;Andersen and Holzenthal 2002). Rather few species are confined to the dense forest in zone II.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species assemblages and community structure of adult caddisflies along a headwater stream in southeastern Ghana (Insecta: Trichoptera)

Kjærandsen

2005

Biodivers Conserv

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Adult caddisflies were collected at 12 sites along a 5 km stretch of a forested headwater stream in southeastern Ghana in March and November 1993 and the catches are related to environmental variables. Some 34,000 specimens, belonging to 178 morphospecies in 43 genera and 11 families, were caught with Malaise traps and light traps. Many species demonstrate differences between sampling method, seasonal occurrence, and sex-ratios, with the light trap in the second wet sunny season (November) being most efficient with respect to the diversity of the catches. A Moran index analysis for global structures indicates a major transition in the fauna from the ravine with waterfalls to the forest, and secondly, a gradient through the forest. A Geary index analysis for local structures indicates further faunal turnovers in the lower reaches of the stream. Species-environment relationships were analyzed through correspondence analysis and co-inertia analysis, allowing ordination of both species and the environment into three zones. The first co-inertia axis reveals a transition between the waterfalls in the open ravine (sites 1-3), and the stream through the riverine forest (sites 4-12), while the second co-inertia axis reveals a gradient from the lotic stream in the moist semi-deciduous forest (sites 4-8) to more lentic stretches of the stream in a gradually more depleted forest (sites 9-12). The most important environmental factors related to the species transition are: riparian moss growth (r ¼ 0.94), leaves in the stream substratum (r ¼ 0.91), forest type (r ¼ 0.90), hygropetric surfaces (r ¼ 0.88), bedrock (r ¼ 0.87), lotic [riffle] (r ¼ 0.85) and lentic [pool] (r ¼ 0.85) stretches. The most important environmental factors related to the species gradient are: lotic [riffle] stretches (r ¼ 0.92), gravel (r ¼ 0.88) and leaves (r ¼ 0.85) in the stream substratum, forest type (r ¼ 0.81), and agricultural use (r ¼ 0.76). Three clusters representing three major environmental zones (zone I, II and III) along the stream are identified by projecting the average species positions on the co-inertia plane. By analyzing the Malaise trap samples significant indicator values are found for 29 species in zone I, 16 species in zone II, and 18 species in zone III. By analyzing the light trap samples significant indicator values are found for 17 species in zone I, 57 species in zone II, and 38 species in zone III. The high diversity of caddisflies in the sanctuary might be reflected both in the geological and climatological history of West Africa, as well as in the recognition of three major environmental zones, and the clean water with high diversity of stream microhabitats favorable for Trichoptera larvae. The closed forest seems to play an important role for the Trichoptera community, and the study demonstrates the importance of protecting forested headwater streams in order to maintain a sustainable aquatic biodiversity in tropical Africa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species assemblages and community structure of adult caddisflies along a headwater stream in southeastern Ghana (Insecta: Trichoptera)

Kjærandsen

2005

Biodivers Conserv

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“…This category also included larvae of the common burrowing mayfly species Povilla adusta , previously identified by Trewavas et al (1972) to be present on both stones and fallen logs in Barombi Mbo. Trichopteran larvae consisted of caddisflies in their larval form, likely from the genus Triaenodes , which has many species endemic to West Africa (Andersen & Holzenthal, 2002). The fish category was assigned to portions of fish fins and tissue, as well as to whole fry found in individuals' stomachs (not identifiable to species level at this size).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic Specialization on unique resources despite limited niche divergence in a celebrated example of sympatric speciation

Galvez

John

McLean

et al. 2022

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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Trophic niche partitioning is observed in many adaptive radiations and is hypothesised to be a central process underlying species divergence. However, patterns of dietary niche partitioning are inconsistent across radiations and there are few studies of niche partitioning in putative examples of sympatric speciation. Here, we conducted the first quantitative study of dietary niche partitioning using stomach contents and stable isotope analyses in one of the most celebrated examples of sympatric speciation: the cichlid radiation from crater lake Barombi Mbo, Cameroon. We found little evidence for trophic niche partitioning among cichlids, including the nine species coexisting in the narrow littoral zone. Stable isotope analyses supported these conclusions of substantial dietary overlap. Our data, however, did reveal that five of 11 species consume rare dietary items, including freshwater sponge, terrestrial ants, and nocturnal foraging on shrimp. Stomach contents of the spongivore (Pungu maclareni) were 20% freshwater sponge, notable considering that only 0.04% of all fishes consume sponges. Overall, we conclude that cichlid species in lake Barombi Mbo overlap considerably in broad dietary niches – in part due to the large proportion of detritus in the stomach contents of all species – but there is evidence for divergence among species in their diet specializations on unique resources. We speculate that these species may utilise these additional specialised resources during periods of low resource abundance in support of Liem's paradox.

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“…This category also included larvae of the common burrowing mayfly species Povilla adusta , previously identified by Trewavas et al (1972) to be present on both stones and fallen logs in Barombi Mbo. Trichopteran larvae consisted of caddisflies in their larval form, likely from the genus Triaenodes , which has many species endemic to West Africa (Andersen & Holzenthal 2002). The fish category was assigned to portions of fish fins and tissue, as well as to whole fry found in individuals’ stomachs (not identifiable to the species level at this size).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic specialization on unique resources in one of the most celebrated examples of sympatric speciation, Barombi Mbo crater lake cichlids

Galvez

McLean

Touokong

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Divergent ecological selection often results in trophic niche partitioning and is one of the central processes underlying sympatric speciation. However, there are still few studies of niche partitioning in putative examples of sympatric speciation in the wild. Here we conducted the first quantitative study of dietary niche partitioning in one of the most celebrated examples of sympatric speciation, Barombi Mbo cichlids, using stomach contents and stable isotope analyses. We found little evidence for trophic niche partitioning among any Barombi Mbo cichlids, even among the nine species coexisting in sympatry in the littoral zone. Stable isotope analyses supported these conclusions of minimal dietary overlap. However, we did find extraordinary dietary specialization in some species, including spongivory and feeding on terrestrial ants, both unique feeding strategies among freshwater fishes. Stomach contents of the spongivore (Pungu maclareni) were 20% freshwater sponge, notable considering that only 0.04% of all fishes consume sponges. Overall, we conclude that while there is less trophic niche partitioning than expected among Barombi Mbo cichlids, there is evidence for dietary specialization on rare resources in support of Liem’s paradox.

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West African Triaenodes McLachlan (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae). 2. Subgenus Triaenodess sensu stricto

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Species assemblages and community structure of adult caddisflies along a headwater stream in southeastern Ghana (Insecta: Trichoptera)

Species assemblages and community structure of adult caddisflies along a headwater stream in southeastern Ghana (Insecta: Trichoptera)

Trophic Specialization on unique resources despite limited niche divergence in a celebrated example of sympatric speciation

Trophic specialization on unique resources in one of the most celebrated examples of sympatric speciation, Barombi Mbo crater lake cichlids

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