Were Chinese Rulers above the Law? Toward a Theory of the Rule of Law in China from Early Times to 1949 CE

Forges, Roger V. Des; Fang, Qiang

doi:10.2139/ssrn.896910

SSRN Journal

2006

DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.896910

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Were Chinese Rulers above the Law? Toward a Theory of the Rule of Law in China from Early Times to 1949 CE

Roger V. Des Forges

Qiang Fang

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Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Li 2011, 22, 27-28; cf. Des Forges and Fang 2006). The Ming founder asked for local opinion on magistrates to curb their corruption (Schneewind 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Beyond Flattery: Legitimating Political Participation in a Ming Living Shrine

Schneewind¹

2013

J of Asian Stud

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Ming (1368–1644) subjects of all classes, theoretically without a voice in the selection of bureaucratic personnel and setting of government policy in their hometowns, exploited the dynamic tensions within the orthodox Mandate of Heaven ideology to claim a legitimate political voice through one ubiquitous yet understudied local institution, the pre-mortem shrine. Meant to express gratitude to good magistrates and prefects moving on to other positions, the shrines were suspect as flattering an official in hopes of return favors. To forestall accusations of such corrupt gentry networking, steles for living shrines included or invented the voices of local commoners. Whether this meant that commoners living under the reality of autocracy and class oppression could actually affect personnel and policy or not, erecting such steles as permanent features in the landscape did legitimate commoners’ political participation within the same discourse that justified imperial rule and the dominance of educated men.

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“…Li 2011, 22, 27-28; cf. Des Forges and Fang 2006). The Ming founder asked for local opinion on magistrates to curb their corruption (Schneewind 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Flattery: Legitimating Political Participation in a Ming Living Shrine

Schneewind¹

2013

J of Asian Stud

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Legal Materials on China Received and Catalogued in the Peace Palace Library: 2008

Kost¹

2009

Chinese Journal of International Law

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Rhetorical Authority in Athenian Democracy and the Chinese Legalism of Han Fei

Lyon¹

2008

Philosophy &Amp; Rhetoric

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Were Chinese Rulers above the Law? Toward a Theory of the Rule of Law in China from Early Times to 1949 CE

Cited by 4 publications

References 65 publications

Beyond Flattery: Legitimating Political Participation in a Ming Living Shrine

Beyond Flattery: Legitimating Political Participation in a Ming Living Shrine

Legal Materials on China Received and Catalogued in the Peace Palace Library: 2008

Rhetorical Authority in Athenian Democracy and the Chinese Legalism of Han Fei

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