Wellbore integrity in carbon sequestration environments: 1. Experimental study of Cement–Sandstone/Shale–Brine–CO2

Carroll, Susan A.; McNab, W. W.; Torres, Sharon; Singleton, Michael; Zhao, Pihong

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.496

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The alteration of the cement part of the sample is consistent with that taking place in the cement/anhydrite sample characterised in paragraph 5.2. Any migration of the shale components to the cement part of the sample was observed, contrary to the results presented by Carroll et al (2011), who report the precipitation of smectite when cement reacts with shale and CO 2 .…”

Section: Cement/shale Interfacecontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The extensively performed experimental and numerical studies have focused on the cement-brine or cement-rock-brine interactions involving reservoir rocks and caprocks. The rocks examined in contact with wellbore cement were: basalt (Jung and Um 2013;Jung et al 2014), granite (Soler and Mäder 2010), limestone (Duguid and Scherer 2010;Gherardi et al 2012), shale and sandstone (Carroll et al 2011), clay-rich argillite (Gherardi and Audigane 2013) and siltstone (Fischer et al 2013). The most variable group of reservoir rocks is sandstones, which is the result of various mineral compositions and diagenesis levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying geochemical reactions on wellbore cement/caprock interface under sequestration conditions

Labus

Wertz

2017

Environ Earth Sci

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The integrity of wells, which are key components for CO 2 sequestration, depends mainly on the seal between the wellbore cement and the geologic formation. To identify the reaction products that may alter the cement/caprock interface, batch experiments and computer modelling were conducted and analysed. Over time, the dissolution and precipitation of minerals alters the physical properties of the interface, including its tightness. One main objective of the simulation was thus to analyse the evolution of the porosity of cement and caprock over time. The alteration of the cement/caprock interface was identified as a complex problem and differentiated depending on rock type. The characteristic feature of a cement/shale contact zone is the occurrence of a highly carbonated, compacted layer within the shale, which in turn causes cement/shale detachment. In the case of a cement/anhydrite interface, the most important reaction is severe anhydrite dissolution. Secondary calcite precipitation takes place in deeper parts of the rock. The cement/rock contact zone is prone to rapid mineral dissolution, which contributes to increased porosity and may alter the well integrity. Comparison of computer simulations with autoclave experiments enabled the adjustment of unknown parameters. This enhances the knowledge of these particular assemblages. Overall, a good match was obtained between experiments and simulations, which enhances confidence in using models to predict longer-term evolution.

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Section: Cement/shale Interfacecontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying geochemical reactions on wellbore cement/caprock interface under sequestration conditions

Labus

Wertz

2017

Environ Earth Sci

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“…Previous researchers observed iron carbonate, illite, and smectite precipitation and calcite, quartz, illite/smectite, and chlorite dissolution when shale or mudstone caprocks were exposed to CO 2 in laboratory experiments (Kaszuba et al, 2005;Andreani et al, 2008;Carroll et al, 2011;Lima et al, 2011). Experimental work has shown that the ratio of CO 2 to H 2 O in the reactive fluid can influence the composition of clay and carbonate precipitates (Kohler et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Experimental Study of Porosity Changes in Shale Caprocks Exposed to CO₂-Saturated Brines I: Evolution of Mineralogy, Pore Connectivity, Pore Size Distribution, and Surface Area

MouzakisKatherine

Navarre‐Sitchler

Rother

et al. 2016

Environmental Engineering Science

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Carbon capture, utilization, and storage, one proposed method of reducing anthropogenic emissions of CO 2 , relies on low permeability formations, such as shales, above injection formations to prevent upward migration of the injected CO 2. Porosity in caprocks evaluated for sealing capacity before injection can be altered by geochemical reactions induced by dissolution of injected CO 2 into pore fluids, impacting long-term sealing capacity. Therefore, long-term performance of CO 2 sequestration sites may be dependent on both initial distribution and connectivity of pores in caprocks, and on changes induced by geochemical reaction after injection of CO 2 , which are currently poorly understood. This article presents results from an experimental study of changes to caprock porosity and pore network geometry in two caprock formations under conditions relevant to CO 2 sequestration. Pore connectivity and total porosity increased in the Gothic Shale; while total porosity increased but pore connectivity decreased in the Marine Tuscaloosa. Gothic Shale is a carbonate mudstone that contains volumetrically more carbonate minerals than Marine Tuscaloosa. Carbonate minerals dissolved to a greater extent than silicate minerals in Gothic Shale under high CO 2 conditions, leading to increased porosity at length scales <*200 nm that contributed to increased pore connectivity. In contrast, silicate minerals dissolved to a greater extent than carbonate minerals in Marine Tuscaloosa leading to increased porosity at all length scales, and specifically an increase in the number of pores >*1 lm. Mineral reactions also contributed to a decrease in pore connectivity, possibly as a result of precipitation in pore throats or hydration of the high percentage of clays. This study highlights the role that mineralogy of the caprock can play in geochemical response to CO 2 injection and resulting changes in sealing capacity in longterm CO 2 storage projects.

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“…nuclear-waste encapsulation [1]. M-S-H may also form on the surface of cement in contact with ground water containing magnesium sulphate [2,3] and in the interaction zone between cement and clays [4,5], i.e., under conditions important for CO 2 storage in deep reservoirs and for disposal of radioactive wastes in underground repositories. Recent investigations have shown that the decrease of pH near the cement -clay interface and the diffusion of magnesium ions from the clay towards the cement can lead to a magnesium enriched zone at the interface [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of magnesium silicate hydrates (M-S-H)

Nied

Enemark‐Rasmussen

L’Hôpital

et al. 2016

Cement and Concrete Research

271

228

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Investigations of synthetic magnesium silicate hydrate (M-S-H) samples have shown that M-S-H aged for 1 year can exhibit variable compositions with molar Mg/Si ratios in the range 0.7 ≤ Mg/Si ≤ 1.5. At lower Mg/Si ratio, additional silica is present whereas brucite is observed for Mg/Si ≥1.3. FT-IR and 29 Si NMR data reveal a high degree of silicate polymerisation, indicating the formation of silicate sheets. TGA shows the presence of bound water and of hydroxyl groups bound to Mg and as silanol groups in the M-S-H, in accord with 29 Si{ 1 H}CP/MAS and high-speed 1 H NMR measurements. Raman and XRD data suggest that the M-S-H structure is related to a disordered talc precursor at low Mg/Si and to a serpentine precursor at high Mg/Si ratio. Solubility products for M-S-H phases were calculated on basis of the compositions of the aqueous solutions and a solid solution model was suggested.

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Wellbore integrity in carbon sequestration environments: 1. Experimental study of Cement–Sandstone/Shale–Brine–CO2

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Identifying geochemical reactions on wellbore cement/caprock interface under sequestration conditions

Identifying geochemical reactions on wellbore cement/caprock interface under sequestration conditions

Experimental Study of Porosity Changes in Shale Caprocks Exposed to CO₂-Saturated Brines I: Evolution of Mineralogy, Pore Connectivity, Pore Size Distribution, and Surface Area

Properties of magnesium silicate hydrates (M-S-H)

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Wellbore integrity in carbon sequestration environments: 1. Experimental study of Cement–Sandstone/Shale–Brine–CO2

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Identifying geochemical reactions on wellbore cement/caprock interface under sequestration conditions

Identifying geochemical reactions on wellbore cement/caprock interface under sequestration conditions

Experimental Study of Porosity Changes in Shale Caprocks Exposed to CO2-Saturated Brines I: Evolution of Mineralogy, Pore Connectivity, Pore Size Distribution, and Surface Area

Properties of magnesium silicate hydrates (M-S-H)

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Product

Resources

About

Experimental Study of Porosity Changes in Shale Caprocks Exposed to CO₂-Saturated Brines I: Evolution of Mineralogy, Pore Connectivity, Pore Size Distribution, and Surface Area