Well-Defined High-Molecular-Weight Polyacrylonitrile via Activators Regenerated by Electron Transfer ATRP

Dong, Hongchen; Tang, Wei; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof

doi:10.1021/ma070424e

Cited by 182 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…This would facilitate the synthesis of high molecular weight polymers. The molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile homopolymers (PAN) [34] and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (PSAN) [35] prepared by ARGET ATRP was four to five times higher than the upper limit for normal ATRP, but preparation of high molecular weight homoPSt via ARGET ATRP has not been reported. Table 1 presents experimental conditions and properties of PSt prepared by ARGET ATRP at 110 8C with 100 ppm and with 10 ppm amounts of copper versus monomer while targeting a final DP ¼ 1 000 and 5 000, respectively.…”

Section: Preparation Of High Molecular Weight Polystyrene Via Arget Atrpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polystyrene with Improved Chain‐End Functionality and Higher Molecular Weight by ARGET ATRP

Jakubowski

Kirci-Denizli

Gil

et al. 2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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The bromine chain‐end functionality of polystyrene (PSt) prepared by activators regenerated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) was analyzed using 500 MHz 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Bulk polymerization of styrene (St) was carried out with 50 ppm of copper in the presence of tris[2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine (Me6TREN) ligand and tin(II) 2‐ethylhexanoate [Sn(EH)2] reducing agent at 90 °C. Due to the use of a low concentration of an active Cu/ligand catalyst complex, it was possible to significantly decrease the occurrence of catalyst‐based side reactions (β‐H elimination). As a result, compared to PSt prepared via normal ATRP, PSt with improved chain‐end functionality was obtained. For example, at 92% monomer conversion in normal ATRP only 48% of chains retained chain‐end functionality, whereas 87% of the chains in an ARGET ATRP still contained halogen functionality. PSt with controlled molecular weight ($\overline M _{{\rm n,NMR}}$ = 11 600 g · mol−1, $\overline M _{{\rm n,theor}.}$ = 9 600 g · mol−1) and narrow molecular weight distribution ($\overline M _{\rm w} /\overline M _{\rm n}$ = 1.14) was prepared under these conditions. In addition, as a result of decreased frequency of side reactions in ARGET ATRP, PSt with relatively high molecular weight was successfully prepared ($\overline M _{{\rm n,GPC}}$ = 185 000 g · mol−1, $\overline M _{\rm w} /\overline M _{\rm n}$ = 1.35).magnified image

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Section: Preparation Of High Molecular Weight Polystyrene Via Arget Atrpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polystyrene with Improved Chain‐End Functionality and Higher Molecular Weight by ARGET ATRP

Jakubowski

Kirci-Denizli

Gil

et al. 2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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137

131

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“…Given the commercial availability of a large variety of colloidal silica nanoparticles with different sizes, and the adjustability of the length of grafted PAN polymer, [40] the method employed here is expected to allow one to design various nanoporous carbons with controlled structures. Use of silica nanoparticles to generate the porosity assures the capability to control the pore size comparable to one achieved in the synthesis of mesoporous carbon via the colloidal silica particle imprinting in the solid carbon precursor (mesophase pitch).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoporous Carbon Films from “Hairy” Polyacrylonitrile‐Grafted Colloidal Silica Nanoparticles

et al. 2008

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“…These techniques open up various opportunities to prepare functionalized polymers with predictable molecular weight, narrow molecular-weight distribution, and complicated macromolecular architectures [56]. Controlled polymerization was achieved for many monomers such as acrylonitrile [57], acrylamide [58], and vinyl amide [59], which cannot be controllably polymerized by anionic or cationic mechanisms.…”

Section: Block Copolymers Prepared By Controlled Radical Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on Block, Graft, and Star Copolymers

Wang¹,

Lu²,

Kang³

et al. 2017

Elastomers

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In this book chapter, we focus on recent advances in thermoplastic elastomers based on synthetic polymers from the aspects of polymer architectures such as linear block, graft, and star copolymers. The irst section is an introduction that covers a brief history and classiication of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs). The second section summarizes ABA triblock copolymers synthesized by various methods for TPE applications. The third section reviews TPEs based on graft copolymers, and the fourth section reviews TPEs based on star copolymers. The diferences between TPE research in academia and industry are addressed in the last section as a perspective, with a view toward the generation of new, advanced, commercially viable TPEs.

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Well-Defined High-Molecular-Weight Polyacrylonitrile via Activators Regenerated by Electron Transfer ATRP

Cited by 182 publications

References 41 publications

Polystyrene with Improved Chain‐End Functionality and Higher Molecular Weight by ARGET ATRP

Polystyrene with Improved Chain‐End Functionality and Higher Molecular Weight by ARGET ATRP

Nanoporous Carbon Films from “Hairy” Polyacrylonitrile‐Grafted Colloidal Silica Nanoparticles

Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on Block, Graft, and Star Copolymers

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