Welfare risks in early adulthood: A longitudinal analysis of social assistance transitions in Norway

Lorentzen, Thomas; Dahl, Espen; Harsløf, Ivan

doi:10.1111/j.1468-2397.2011.00841.x

Cited by 27 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“… Many earlier studies have focused on various other aspects of social assistance dynamics without explicitly looking at spell duration or repeat benefit receipt. The same Norwegian data that I draw upon for my analysis have been used in earlier research to study exits from social assistance receipt (Dahl & Lorentzen, ), the effects of ALMPs on social assistance dynamics (Dahl & Lorentzen, ; Lorentzen & Dahl, ), social assistance dependence over the life cycle (Dahl & Harsløf, ; Hyggen, ; Lorentzen) and across generations (Lorentzen, ) and state dependence in benefit receipt (Bhuller, Brinch, & Königs, in press). Hansen () studied long‐term benefit receipt in annual data.…”

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confidence: 99%

Micro‐level dynamics of social assistance receipt: Evidence from four European countries

Königs

2017

Int J Soc Welfare

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This study investigated the monthly dynamics of social assistance benefit receipt – in particular the incidence of long‐term benefit receipt – in four European countries: Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. The analysis is based on four separate administrative panel data sets, each covering the 96‐month period from January 2001 to December 2008. Benefit dynamics were found to vary considerably across countries. In the two Nordic countries, long‐term benefit receipt was found to be a rare exception. Most recipients, however, had multiple spells and the majority of benefit leavers returned to benefits within a few months of leaving. In Luxembourg and The Netherlands, long‐term benefit receipt was frequent, but benefit leavers were much less likely to return to benefit receipt after exit. The total duration of benefit receipt per individual across spells was two to three times as high in The Netherlands and Luxembourg as in Norway and Sweden.

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confidence: 99%

Micro‐level dynamics of social assistance receipt: Evidence from four European countries

Königs

2017

Int J Soc Welfare

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“…Bäckman and Bergmark () reviewed the findings of earlier research by stating that male sex, being a single adult, ethnic minority status, low educational achievement, substance abuse, low employability, and poor physical and mental health were found to be predictors of low social assistance exit rates. Some studies have concentrated especially on social assistance receipt among young adults (Ilmakunnas, ; Kauppinen et al, ; Lorentzen et al, ; Wiborg & Møberg, ). Moving out of the parental home has been shown to be a strong predictor of social assistance receipt in the Nordic countries (Kauppinen et al, ; Lorentzen et al, ).…”

Section: Life Course and Social Assistance Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have concentrated especially on social assistance receipt among young adults (Ilmakunnas, ; Kauppinen et al, ; Lorentzen et al, ; Wiborg & Møberg, ). Moving out of the parental home has been shown to be a strong predictor of social assistance receipt in the Nordic countries (Kauppinen et al, ; Lorentzen et al, ). According to Kauppinen et al (), moves to urban municipalities are related to less social assistance receipt among young adults in Finland.…”

Section: Life Course and Social Assistance Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Kauppinen et al (), moves to urban municipalities are related to less social assistance receipt among young adults in Finland. Young single parents are at risk of social assistance receipt (Lorentzen et al, ) and long‐term receipt in particular (Kauppinen et al, ). Among young adults, low education is an important predictor of social assistance receipt (Ilmakunnas, ; Lorentzen et al, ; Wiborg & Møberg, ).…”

Section: Life Course and Social Assistance Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social assistance trajectories among young adults in Finland: What are the determinants of welfare dependency?

Ilmakunnas

Moisio

2018

Soc Policy Adm

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Social assistance receipt is typical among young adults, but the long‐term trajectories of social assistance receipt have been less studied. We use Finnish population register data to study the kinds of social assistance trajectories found among young adults. We also analyze how individual and family characteristics are associated with the likelihood of following different social assistance trajectories. Individuals are followed from the age of 19 to 25. According to the results, social assistance receipt is relatively common among young adults but spell duration is usually short. Around 35% receive social assistance at least once between the ages of 19 and 25, and 2.5% receive social assistance each year. Using latent class growth analysis, we estimated six trajectories based on the annual number of social assistance months: (1) no receipt; (2) transitory; (3) slow exit; (4) occasional; (5) increase; and (6) dependency. Almost 4% of young adults follow the “dependency” trajectory. The results from multinomial logistic regression indicate that having only a short education is a particularly strong predictor of social assistance dependency. Parental social assistance receipt and moving out of the parental home at a young age are also significant predictors of social assistance receipt.

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“…Recipients of social assistance in Sweden and Norway, for example, tend to be worse off than non-recipients in terms of educational achievements, financial resources, access to material goods, employment, self-reported health and quality of social relations [1,12]. Exit from long-term social assistance to work is higher for men than for women, and higher for younger people [1,13], but generally low among long-term recipients [1], suggesting that the welfare-to-work programs may be less effective for long-term recipients [14].…”

Section: Introduction - Long-term Social Assistance Recipients At Rismentioning

confidence: 99%

Keep going in adversity – using a resilience perspective to understand the narratives of long-term social assistance recipients in Sweden

Marttila

Johansson

Whitehead

et al. 2013

Int J Equity Health

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IntroductionIn Sweden, means-tested social assistance serves as a temporary, last resort safety net. However, increasing numbers of people are receiving it for longer periods and about a third has assistance for more than a year. The aim of this study was to explore the ways social assistance recipients manage long lasting adversity and their roles as active, rather than passive, agents in this process, using a resilience perspective.MethodThe study is based on thirteen in-depth interviews with long-term social assistance recipients from diverse areas in Stockholm County. The interviews were guided by narrative inquiry to interpret and construct stories of experiences and are part of a larger qualitative study exploring experiences of living on social assistance in Sweden.ResultsExperiences of cumulative adversity during many years compounded recipients’ difficulties in finding ways out of hardship. They had different strategies to deal with adversities, and many had underlying “core problems”, including mental health problems, which had not been properly resolved. Recipients’ showed resistance in adverse situations. Some made attempts to find ways out of hardship, whereas others struggled mainly to achieve a sense of mastering life. They received important support from individual professionals in different authorities, but mostly the help from the welfare system was fragmented.ConclusionsSocial assistance recipients in this study demonstrated agency in ways of managing long lasting difficulties, sometimes caused by “core problems”, which were often accumulated into complex difficulties. Resilience was about keeping going and resisting these difficulties. To find ways out of social assistance required help from different welfare agencies and professionals and was hindered by the fragmentation of services. This study shows that there is a need for more long-term personalised, comprehensive support, including interventions both to increase individual well-being and self-esteem and to open up opportunities for education and employment. Adequate benefit levels and overall quality of welfare services such as health and social care, day care and schools, are of major importance for those in greatest need.

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Welfare risks in early adulthood: A longitudinal analysis of social assistance transitions in Norway

Cited by 27 publications

References 22 publications

Micro‐level dynamics of social assistance receipt: Evidence from four European countries

Micro‐level dynamics of social assistance receipt: Evidence from four European countries

Social assistance trajectories among young adults in Finland: What are the determinants of welfare dependency?

Keep going in adversity – using a resilience perspective to understand the narratives of long-term social assistance recipients in Sweden

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