Welfare migration in Europe

La emigración española cualificada tras la crisis. Una comparación con la migración desde el Sur de Europa e Irlanda

“…Desde una perspectiva más amplia el análisis participa del marco teórico económico neoclásico de la migración del capital humano (Harris y Todaro, 1970;Sjaastad, 1962;Lewis, 1954), cuyo principal argumento es que la migración es causada por las diferencias en empleo e ingresos y por las desigualdades en cuanto a los bienes públicos que aportan los Estados (De Giorgi y Pellizzari, 2009;Borjas, 1999;Meyer, 1998). Este marco explica que Europa del Sur se haya convertido a raíz de la crisis económica en origen de migraciones laborales hacia Europa Central y del Norte, en un entorno de libertad de movimientos.…”

Why does unemployment differ for immigrants?

“…For example, differences are observed between the US and Australia, where wages in Australia are less flexible and unemployment benefits are relatively more generous [1]. Cross-country differences in the generosity of welfare programs might also account for some of the variation in unemployment gaps, given that there is some evidence to suggest A u s t r a l i a D e n m a r k F r a n c e G e r m a n y G r e e c e I r e l a n d I t a l y S p a i n U K U S that immigrants are disproportionately attracted to countries where welfare payments are higher [2]. However, immigrants with relatively high levels of education who do find work can experience significant occupational downgrading after arriving in a new country [3].…”

“…However, making comparisons between immigrants across countries is often challenging because of differences in migration histories, especially with respect to when and from where immigrants have typically arrived. Immigration is also a very dynamic phenomenon, and the situation in both sending and receiving countries can change quickly, as has occurred following EU enlargements [2].…”

EU Migration and the Economic Crisis: Concepts and Issues

“…7 and 10 ) and as "unreasonable burdens" on their public fi nances. In spite of their existence for several decades, the resurgence of the concepts of "welfare magnets" or "welfare shoppers" to delegitimize immigrants' access to social protection is, however, not surprising in a context of crisis when states are looking at ways to decrease public spending (Böhning 1972 ;Borjas 1998 ;Schierup et al 2006 ;De Giorgi and Pellizzari 2009 ;Giulietti et al 2013 ).…”