Weight Status in Young Girls and the Onset of Puberty

Lee, Joyce M.; Appugliese, Danielle P.; Kaciroti, Niko; Corwyn, Robert F.; Bradley, Robert H.; Lumeng, Julie C.

doi:10.1542/peds.2006-2188

Cited by 312 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…While a positive association between household income and age at menarche is consistent with at least two other studies [8,10], the lack of statistically significant influences of parental education on this outcome in the present study contrasts some previous reports [9,13]. This may perhaps be due to the fact that parental education has been measured inconsistently (maternal educational attainment only versus maximum educational attainment of both parents/guardians).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Among girls in the United States, recent epidemiologic evidence suggests that low socioeconomic status (SES) may be related to early puberty [8][9][10], as determined by entry into the stage 2 of breast development based on the staging system developed by Tanner and Whitehouse [11]. A comprehensive review published in 2003, however, reported inconsistent associations between socioeconomic circumstances and the onset of puberty: developed versus developing countries showed particularly marked variations [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in one multiethnic cohort study, lower maternal education predicted early menarche but household income was unrelated [13]. More recently, studies have linked early puberty to both lower parental educational attainment [8][9][10] and lower household income [10,14]. Methodological issues that may account for such inconsistencies in studies to date include cohort effects and variations in the sensitivity of SES indicators to different racial/ethnic groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socioeconomic status in relation to early menarche among black and white girls

Braithwaite

Moore

Lustig

et al. 2008

Cancer Causes Control

114

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Objective Early menarche is a risk factor for breast cancer. We investigated the variation in age at menarche by socioeconomic status (SES) and race. Methods A cohort study was conducted on 1,091 black and 986 white girls from the three sites in the United States as part of the NHLBI Growth and Health Study (NGHS), who were aged 9-10 years at baseline and followed through adolescence over a 10-year period with annual exams. Using logistic regression models, we evaluated the nature and strength of associations between two socioeconomic indicators (household income and parental education) and early menarche (\12 years old) unadjusted and adjusted for anthropometry and maternal age at menarche. Results Proportionately, more black girls were menarcheal before 12 years of age compared to their white counterparts (46%, n = 468 vs. 26%, n = 240, respectively, p \ 0.0001). Parental education was not a significant predictor of early menarche. The graded association between household income and age at menarche was strong and significant among black girls but less clear among white girls. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of household income, white girls in the highest quartile were at a significantly lower risk of early menarche [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.37, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 0.18-0.80]. The inverse was true for black girls: those in the highest quartile of household income were at an increased risk of early menarche (adjusted OR = 2.15, 95% CI 1.27-3.63) Conclusion The SES factor selected (household income versus parental education) affected the findings regarding racial differences in the timing of menarche. It will be important for future studies to elucidate the link between household income and age at menarche in developed countries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socioeconomic status in relation to early menarche among black and white girls

Braithwaite

Moore

Lustig

et al. 2008

Cancer Causes Control

114

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“…A higher BMI during adolescence may be associated with younger age at MS onset in women 13. Attainment of sufficient body weight, and particularly body fat, is believed to be necessary for menarche to occur in girls,3, 14, 15, 16 and higher body weight is associated with earlier pubertal onset in girls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct effects of obesity and puberty on risk and age at onset of pediatric MS

Chitnis

Graves

Weinstock‐Guttman

et al. 2016

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the relative contributions of body mass index (BMI) and pubertal measures for risk and age of onset of pediatric MS.MethodsCase–control study of 254 (63% female) MS cases (onset<18 years of age) and 420 (49% female) controls conducted at 14 U.S. Pediatric MS Centers. Sex‐ and age‐stratified BMI percentiles were calculated using CDC growth charts from height and weight measured at enrollment for controls, and within 1 year of onset for MS cases. Sex‐stratified associations between MS risk and age at symptom onset with both BMI and pubertal factors were estimated controlling for race and ethnicity.ResultsOnly 11% of girls and 15% of boys were prepubertal (Tanner stage I) at MS onset. 80% of girls had onset of MS after menarche. BMI percentiles were higher in MS cases versus controls (girls: P < 0.001; boys: P = 0.018). BMI was associated with odds of MS in multivariate models in postpubertal girls (OR = 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12, 2.27, P = 0.009) and boys (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.88, P = 0.011). In girls with MS onset after menarche, higher BMI was associated with younger age at first symptoms (P = 0.031). Younger menarche was associated with stronger effects of BMI through mediation and interaction analysis. In pubertal/postpubertal boys, 89% of whom were obese/overweight, earlier sexual maturity was associated with earlier onset of MS (P < 0.001).InterpretationHigher BMI in early adolescence is a risk factor for MS in girls and boys. Earlier age at sexual maturity contributes to earlier age at MS onset, particularly in association with obesity.

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“…Early onset of thelarche has been reported in girls with high BMI at the age of three years, and in those with a rapid elevation of BMI from three years of age to the age of entry into the first grade [4]. The rapid catch-up growth in children born small-for-gestational age [5] with associated decreased insulin sensitivity, and increased IGF-1 levels, also results in early onset of pubarche for the same reason.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Onset of puberty in relation to obesity

Unni¹

2016

Indian Pediatr

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Weight Status in Young Girls and the Onset of Puberty

Cited by 312 publications

References 34 publications

Socioeconomic status in relation to early menarche among black and white girls

Socioeconomic status in relation to early menarche among black and white girls

Distinct effects of obesity and puberty on risk and age at onset of pediatric MS

Onset of puberty in relation to obesity

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