Weight Loss Increases Soluble Leptin Receptor Levels and the Soluble Receptor Bound Fraction of Leptin

Laimer, Markus; Ebenbichler, Christoph; Kaser, Susanne; Sandhofer, A.; Weiß, Helmut; Nehoda, Hermann; Aigner, Franz; Patsch, Josef R.

doi:10.1038/oby.2002.81

Cited by 82 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This increase and the lacking significance in the decrease of leptin levels in children with substantial weight loss can be explained by aging and the onset of puberty over the long study period since leptin concentrations increase with age and pubertal development due to sex hormones. 1 Since the changes of leptin and sOB-R concentrations in obese children tend to normalize after substantial weight loss in concordance with studies in adults, 16,17 these changes are the consequences rather than the cause of overweight. It is not clear whether the type of dieting or fat mass influence sOB-R levels in obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…It appears likely that most of the circulating sOB-R is derived from proteolytic cleavage of membrane-bound receptors. 17,34 In this case, sOB-R levels in serum could reflect the amount of leptin receptors. This could implicate that decreased levels of sOB-R, as found in morbidly obese subjects, are a sign of decreased expression of functional leptin receptors and a sign of leptin resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two longitudinal studies in 48 obese adults reported increasing sOB-R levels due to weight loss. 16,17 Since leptin, sOB-R levels, and the ratio of sOB-R and leptin change in growing children and during pubertal development, 4,18 the findings in adults are not transferable to children. Studies concerning the relationship between longitudinal changes of insulin resistance and sOB-R levels have not yet been performed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circulating soluble leptin receptor, leptin, and insulin resistance before and after weight loss in obese children

Reinehr

Kratzsch

Kieß³

et al. 2005

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE:To study the relationships between leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), and insulin resistance in obese children before and after weight reduction. METHODS: We determined fasting serum leptin, sOB-R, and insulin resistance index (Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)) in 36 obese children at baseline and 1 y later and compared them to 72 lean children matched for age, gender, and pubertal stage. The changes of leptin (Dleptin) and sOB-R (DsOB-R) over the 1 y period were correlated to the changes of HOMA (DHOMA), the changes of weight status, and the changes of percentage body fat (D%BF) based on skinfold measurements. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted for the dependent variables Dleptin and DsOB-R, including DBMI and DHOMA as independent variables adjusted for age, gender, and pubertal stage. Changes of leptin and sOB-R levels were analyzed in 11 obese children after they had lost weight substantially (decrease SDS-BMI40.5) and compared to 11 obese children without substantial weight loss matched for age, gender, and pubertal stage. RESULTS: Obese children showed significantly (Po0.001) higher leptin and lower sOB-R levels. Dleptin correlated significantly to DSDS-BMI (r ¼ 0.28, Po0.05), D%BF (r ¼ 0.44, Po0.05), and DHOMA (r ¼ 0.42, Po0.01), while DsOB-R correlated significantly to DSDS-BMI (r ¼ À0.42, Po0.01) and D%BF (r ¼ À0.47, Po0.01), but not to DHOMA. In contrast to DsOB-R, Dleptin correlated significantly to DHOMA (P ¼ 0.02) in multiple linear regression analysis. Substantial weight loss led to a significant increase in sOB-R (P ¼ 0.02) and to a decrease in HOMA (P ¼ 0.02). In children without substantial weight loss, there were no changes in sOB-R, while HOMA (P ¼ 0.04) and leptin (P ¼ 0.02) increased significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease of sOB-R and the increase of leptin levels in obese children normalized after weight loss. Therefore, these changes are consequences rather than the cause of overweight. In contrast to sOB-R, leptin levels are associated with insulin resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Circulating soluble leptin receptor, leptin, and insulin resistance before and after weight loss in obese children

Reinehr

Kratzsch

Kieß³

et al. 2005

Int J Obes

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“…8 Hormones, involved in the pathogenesis of adiposity, such as leptin and ghrelin, are also regulated by weight loss. 9,10 Furthermore, weight reduction is connected to an improvement of the insulin resistance syndrome and a pronounced reduction of CRP. [11][12][13] To investigate the reversibility of the association between the nontraditional risk markers CRP and MMP-9 and obesity, we performed a prospective study in morbidly obese, middle-aged women undergoing weight loss by surgical intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pronounced weight loss on the nontraditional cardiovascular risk marker matrix metalloproteinase-9 in middle-aged morbidly obese women

et al. 2005

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OBJECTIVE: Obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality from atherosclerotic disease. Nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are elevated in obese subjects and weight loss is associated with an attenuation of these risk factors. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been linked to plaque rupture, and is, thus, a candidate marker of future myocardial events. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of weight loss on MMP-9 plasma concentrations. METHODS AND RESULTS: CRP, IL-6 and MMP-9 were analyzed from samples of 45 morbidly obese, middle-aged women before gastric banding and 1 y postsurgical treatment in this prospective study. The body mass index (BMI) of subjects decreased from 42.574.9 to 32.375.3 kg/m 2 1 y after gastric banding. In parallel, both MMP-9 and CRP were reduced by 23 and 41%, respectively. A positive relationship was found between BMI and MMP-9 (r ¼ 0.312, Po0.05), and between CRP and IL-6 (r ¼ 0.508, Po0.05), whereas no correlation was found between CRP and MMP-9. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that weight loss is associated with a pronounced decrease in the nontraditional cardiovascular risk markers MMP-9 and CRP, which could indicate future beneficial effects of weight loss on the cardiovascular risk in weight loosing subjects.

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“…17 This receptor isoform could modulate steady-state leptin levels by complexing free leptin in the circulation and consequently preventing the hormone from degradation and clearance. 18 Therefore, high sOB-R levels in the blood, as determined in lean humans, 19 may act as a potential reservoir of bioactive leptin. Decreasing amounts of sOB-R, observed in states of progressing obesity or during ageing processes, could result in augmented levels of liberated bioactive leptin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The soluble leptin receptor is crucial for leptin action: evidence from clinical and experimental data

Zastrow

Seidel

Kieß³

et al. 2003

Int J Obes

110

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OBJECTIVE:The soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) was recently identified as the main leptin-binding protein in human blood. The aim of our study was to elucidate the effects of physiologically relevant amounts of sOB-R on leptin-induced proliferation in a cell model. SUBJECTS AND MEASUREMENTS:To determine molar ratios between sOB-R and leptin in vivo, we measured both parameters in the serum of 529 healthy children and adolescents. For our in vitro cell model, mouse pre-B cells, transfected with the long form of the murine leptin receptor (BAF3/L46), were incubated with recombinant human leptin at two different basal levels (0.5 and 0.1 nM) and with the sOB-R at varying levels. The proliferative response of the cells was quantified by a 3 H-thymidine uptake assay. RESULTS: Significantly higher molar sOB-R/leptin ratios were observed during the first years of life, up to a 7.67-fold excess of sOB-R (quartiles: 4.43/10.27) in boys, compared to the states of prepuberty and puberty. An up to 10-fold molar excess of the sOB-R, reflecting the in vivo situation, resulted in a significant suppression of leptin action in the cell model. In contrast, gradually decreasing ratios of lower than two, as calculated during the progression of childhood and in early puberty, corresponded to proliferative rates in vitro as determined at basal leptin concentrations.

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Weight Loss Increases Soluble Leptin Receptor Levels and the Soluble Receptor Bound Fraction of Leptin

Cited by 82 publications

References 37 publications

Circulating soluble leptin receptor, leptin, and insulin resistance before and after weight loss in obese children

Circulating soluble leptin receptor, leptin, and insulin resistance before and after weight loss in obese children

Effect of pronounced weight loss on the nontraditional cardiovascular risk marker matrix metalloproteinase-9 in middle-aged morbidly obese women

The soluble leptin receptor is crucial for leptin action: evidence from clinical and experimental data

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