Weight loss in individuals with metabolic syndrome given DASH diet counseling when provided a low sodium vegetable juice: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome, a constellation of metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, is one of the fastest growing disease entities in the world. Weight loss is thought to be a key to improving all aspects of metabolic syndrome. Research studies have suggested benefits from diets rich in vegetables and fruits in helping individuals reach and achieve healthy weights.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of a ready to serve vegetable juice as part of a calorie-appropriate Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet in an ethnically diverse population of people with Metabolic Syndrome on weight loss and their ability to meet vegetable intake recommendations, and on their clinical characteristics of metabolic syndrome (waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL, fasting blood glucose and blood pressure).A secondary goal was to examine the impact of the vegetable juice on associated parameters, including leptin, vascular adhesion markers, and markers of the oxidative defense system and of oxidative stress.MethodsA prospective 12 week, 3 group (0, 8, or 16 fluid ounces of low sodium vegetable juice) parallel arm randomized controlled trial. Participants were requested to limit their calorie intake to 1600 kcals for women and 1800 kcals for men and were educated on the DASH diet. A total of 81 (22 men & 59 women) participants with Metabolic Syndrome were enrolled into the study. Dietary nutrient and vegetable intake, weight, height, leptin, metabolic syndrome clinical characteristics and related markers of endothelial and cardiovascular health were measured at baseline, 6-, and 12-weeks.ResultsThere were significant group by time interactions when aggregating both groups consuming vegetable juice (8 or 16 fluid ounces daily). Those consuming juice lost more weight, consumed more Vitamin C, potassium, and dietary vegetables than individuals who were in the group that only received diet counseling (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe incorporation of vegetable juice into the daily diet can be a simple and effective way to increase the number of daily vegetable servings. Data from this study also suggest the potential of using a low sodium vegetable juice in conjunction with a calorie restricted diet to aid in weight loss in overweight individuals with metabolic syndrome.

Effects of Tai Chi, Resistance Training, and Diet on Physical Function in Obese Older Women

“…This lack of change that occurred in our study could be attributed to the population cohort. It has been found that obese women have higher muscle strength measures when compared to lean women, which could have attributed to this lack of change (32).…”

“…The DASH diet has been shown to result in weight loss and reduce hypertension, however, these results have not been shown in individuals who have chronic conditions such as metabolic syndrome [32]. Metabolic syndrome is a collection of metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes [32].…”

“…The goal of the study done by Shenoy and colleagues [32] was to evaluate the effects of the DASH diet with a vegetable juice supplement on weight loss and the ability to Although the DASH diet has demonstrated positive effects on blood pressure over short term studies, it has not been shown to lower blood pressure over a long period of time nor has it been shown to influence cardiovascular biomarkers. The goal of the study performed by Blumenthal et al [33] was to examine the DASH diet over a 4 month period, and to evaluate its effects on blood pressure and cardiovascular measures.…”

“…Diet alone results in weight loss, improved physical function, and the DASH diet also significantly improves blood pressure measures. Previous studies [31,32,33] have shown that diet combined with exercise actually yields the greatest results in physical function, blood pressure, and can also influence weight loss [26,28]. Exercise and diet combined can result in weight loss and minimize loss of lean muscle, as well as improving physical function.…”

“…Metabolic syndrome is a collection of metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes [32].…”