Weight loss and metabolic benefits with diets of varying fat and carbohydrate content: separating the wheat from the chaff

Brehm, Bonnie J.; D’Alessio, David A.

doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0730

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In modern western societies, wheat is the major whole grain consumed. The bran and germ of whole wheat are widely accepted as important ingredients in many low glycaemic index (GI) foods (Brehm & D'Alessio, 2008;Jenkins et al, 1986;Jimenez-Cruz, Bacardi-Gascon, Turnbull, Rosales-Garay, & Severino-Lugo, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investigation of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of wheat bran and germ

et al. 2011

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investigation of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of wheat bran and germ

et al. 2011

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“…Based on the aforementioned new findings, these official recommendations have now been questioned [9-11]. Several randomized, controlled studies have shown greater weight loss and better improvement of cardiovascular risk parameters with energy-restricted low-carbohydrate diets compared to energy-restricted low-fat diets after treatment periods of six to twelve months [12-15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of carbohydrate-reduced or fat-reduced diets in patients attending a telemedically guided weight loss program

Frisch

Zittermann

Berthold

et al. 2009

Cardiovasc Diabetol

101

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BackgroundWe investigated whether macronutrient composition of energy-restricted diets influences the efficacy of a telemedically guided weight loss program.MethodsTwo hundred overweight subjects were randomly assigned to a conventional low-fat diet and a low-carbohydrate diet group (target carbohydrate content: >55% energy and <40% energy, respectively). Both groups attended a weekly nutrition education program and dietary counselling by telephone, and had to transfer actual body weight data to our clinic weekly with added Bluetooth® technology by mobile phone. Various fatness and fat distribution parameters, energy and macronutrient intake, and various biochemical risk markers were measured at baseline and after 6, and 12 months.ResultsIn both groups, energy intake decreased by 400 kcal/d compared to baseline values within the first 6 months and slightly increased again within the second 6 months. Macronutrient composition differed significantly between the groups from the beginning to month 12. At study termination, weight loss was 5.8 kg (SD: 6.1 kg) in the low-carbohydrate group and 4.3 kg (SD: 5.1 kg) in the low-fat group (p = 0.065). In the low-carbohydrate group, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol levels were lower at month 6 and waist circumference and systolic blood pressure were lower at month 12 compared with the low-fat group (P = 0.005–0.037). Other risk markers improved to a similar extent in both groups.ConclusionDespite favourable effects of both diets on weight loss, the carbohydrate-reduced diet was more beneficial with respect to cardiovascular risk factors compared to the fat-reduced diet. Nevertheless, compliance with a weight loss program appears to be even a more important factor for success in prevention and treatment of obesity than the composition of the diet.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov as NCT00868387

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“…Dyslipidaemia also is usually improved in case of weight loss [16]; our weight loss group normalised completely their lipid values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Obese Patients after Weight Loss Become Metabolically Normal?

et al. 2011

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Objective: To compare the metabolic cardiovascular risk factors of obese patients after weight loss and 4-year weight loss maintenance afterwards against a matched control group of subjects with a stable body weight and without history of weight loss. Method: 50 obese non-diabetic subjects in the study group who previously lost 10% or more of their weight and afterwards entered a 4-year weight loss maintenance programme were matched by age, BMI and sex and compared to 50 weight-stable subjects without history of weight loss. The comparison between both groups was done in term of anthropometrical, metabolic and biological characteristics, early atherosclerosis and insulin sensitivity. Results: Anthropometrical, metabolic and biological characteristics were similar between the weight loss group and the control matched group. However, insulin sensitivity was still significantly lower in the weight loss than in the matched control group (p = 0.02). Intima media thickness (IMT) also was similar in both groups. We found that lower atherosclerosis measured by IMT at the level of the carotid is associated with better insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05). After the 4-year weight loss maintenance programme, insulin sensitivity improved in the post-weight loss group from 7.9 ( 3.2 to 8.4 ( 3.6 mg/kg/min. Conclusion: All cardiometabolic parameters of obese subjects, except for insulin sensitivity, normalised completely after weight loss. The latter was improved by a weight loss maintenance programme if successfully completed.

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Weight loss and metabolic benefits with diets of varying fat and carbohydrate content: separating the wheat from the chaff

Cited by 27 publications

References 55 publications

Investigation of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of wheat bran and germ

Investigation of α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of wheat bran and germ

A randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of carbohydrate-reduced or fat-reduced diets in patients attending a telemedically guided weight loss program

Do Obese Patients after Weight Loss Become Metabolically Normal?

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