Weight gain and resistance to gastrointestinal nematode infections in two genetically diverse groups of cattle

Höglund, Johan; Hessle, Anna; Zaralis, Konstantinos; Segerkvist, Katarina Arvidsson; Athanasiadou, Spiridoula

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.11.011

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…There is formal statistical support for this agreement in almost all cases (Table 6): the 95% CI of the slope of the relationship between observed data and prediction includes the value 1 and not the value 0 (as confirmed by a low p-value) and the data relate linearly to the predictions (as indicated by a R 2 adj close to 1). Where SEs were reported for BW and FEC (Höglund et al, 2018;O'Shaughnessy et al, 2015) and BW (Dimander et al, 2003), the deviations between data and prediction were generally in reasonable agreement with the estimated SEs (Fig. 6-8) except for the FEC in O' Shaughnessy et al (2015); it is possible that the latter SEs are conservative indicators of uncertainty as they have constant value and may not fully account for overdispersion in egg counts.…”

Section: Bw and Fecsupporting

confidence: 58%

Novel epidemiological model of gastrointestinal-nematode infection to assess grazing cattle resilience by integrating host growth, parasite, grass and environmental dynamics

Filipe

Kyriazakis

McFarland

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections are ubiquitous and often cause morbidity and reduced performance in livestock. Emerging anthelmintic resistance and increasing change in climate patterns require evaluation of alternatives to traditional treatment and management practices. Mathematical models of parasite transmission between hosts and the environment have contributed towards the design of appropriate control strategies in ruminants, but have yet to account for relationships between climate, infection pressure, immunity, resources, and growth. Here, we develop a new epidemiological model of GIN transmission in a herd of grazing cattle, including host tolerance (body weight and feed intake), parasite burden and acquisition of immunity, together with weather-dependent development of parasite free-living stages, and the influence of grass availability on parasite transmission. Dynamic host, parasite and environmental factors drive a variable rate of transmission. Using literature sources, the model was parametrised forOstertagia ostertagi, the prevailing pathogenic GIN in grazing cattle populations in temperate climates. Model outputs were validated on published empirical studies from first season grazing cattle in Northern Europe. These results show satisfactory qualitative and quantitative performance of the model; they also indicate the model may approximate the dynamics of grazing systems under co-infection byO. ostertagiandCooperia oncophora, a second GIN species common in cattle. In addition, model behaviour was explored under illustrative anthelmintic treatment strategies, considering impacts on parasitological and performance variables. The model has potential for extension to explore altered infection dynamics as a result of management and climate change, and to optimise treatment strategies accordingly. As the first mechanistic model to combine parasitic and free-living stages of GIN with host feed-intake and growth, it is well suited to predict complex system responses under non-stationary conditions. We discuss the implications, limitations and extensions of the model, and its potential to assist in the development of sustainable parasite control strategies.HIGHLIGHTSNematode control in cattle is complicated by drug resistance and climate changeA model was developed to predict GIN epidemiology under varying conditionsThe model incorporates cattle growth, infection and immunity, grass availability, weatherPredictions were validated against empirical studies of GIN in N EuropeThe model applies toOstertagia ostertagi, and possibly to co-infectingCooperiaAbstract Figurehttps://www.lmcni.com/

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Section: Bw and Fecsupporting

confidence: 58%

Novel epidemiological model of gastrointestinal-nematode infection to assess grazing cattle resilience by integrating host growth, parasite, grass and environmental dynamics

Filipe

Kyriazakis

McFarland

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…This study found that half the steers of both breeds were infected with gastrointestinal nematodes during their first grazing season. Both breeds showed lower weight gain, but there were indications that the impact of parasite infection was more severe in C steers than in D steers [21]. This effect may be due to dairy × beef crossbreeds allocating a higher proportion of nutrition to weight gain and a lower proportion to the immune system compared to purebred dairy calves [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During grazing period 1, the steers were split across breed and feed intensity into two similar groups, continuously grazing one out of two similar enclosures at a stocking rate of 2.25 animals ha −1 . The steers in one of the enclosures were infected by the gastrointestinal nematode Ostertagia ostertagi [21]. During grazing period 2, the remaining half of the animals, the L steers, were kept in one group, rotating among three enclosures every second to third week, with a total stocking rate of 1.14 animals ha −1 .…”

Section: Grazing Periodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beef Production Systems with Steers of Dairy and Dairy × Beef Breeds Based on Forage and Semi-Natural Pastures

Hessle

Therkildsen

Segerkvist

2019

Animals

Self Cite

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This study compared animal performance and carcass characteristics in steers born to a dairy breed dam and a dairy or beef breed sire allocated to one out of two production systems, both including grazing semi-natural pastures during summer. Spring-born groups comprising 16 purebred dairy (D) steers and 16 dairy × Charolais crossbreeds (C) were allocated to moderately high indoor feed intensity with slaughter at 21 months of age (H), while two corresponding autumn-born groups of 16 D and 16 C animals were allocated to low indoor feed intensity with slaughter at 28 months of age (L). The animals were mainly fed grass-clover silage while housed. The H steers grazed semi-natural pastures for one summer, whereas the L steers grazed semi-natural pastures for two summers. From weaning to slaughter, liveweight gain was 0.94 and 0.77 kg day−1 for H and L steers, respectively (p < 0.0001), with no breed effect on weight gain. However, C carcasses had a higher weight, conformation score, and proportion of high-valued retail cuts than D carcasses (p ≤ 0.004). Moreover, conformation differed more between LC and LD than between HC and HD. From this study on forage and pasture-based beef production, we concluded that breed had no effect on the performance of living animals, but that dairy × beef crossbred steers produced heavier and higher-quality carcasses than pure-bred dairy steers.

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“…Calves are most vulnerable to gastrointestinal parasites in their first grazing season, although yearlings and, less often, adults are sometimes affected (Constable et al, 2017). Gastrointestinal parasitic infections, nematode and Eimeria species, play a key role in the economic losses in that they cause low productivity, delayed growth, declined weight gain and death of the animal, and significant expenses of treatment (Höglund et al, 2018;Höglund et al, 2013;Höglund et al, 2001;Sutherland, and Scott, 2010). Even if various studies undergone on cattle helminthosis and Eimeria infections, only limited information available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calves gastrointestinal nematodes and Eimeria prevalence and associated risk factors in dairy farms, southern Ethiopia

Hailu¹,

Asmare²,

Gebremedhin³

et al. 2022

eajbcs

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Dairy production is an important component of livestock farming in Ethiopia. Nevertheless, the productivity of the sector has been impacted negatively by the morbidity and mortality of replacement animals. A Cross-sectional study was, therefore, aimed at estimating the prevalence of Nematode and Eimeria infection in calves in Hawassa, Shashemene and Arsi Negelle, southern Ethiopia. To this end, a flotation technique was used to recover Nematode egg and Eimeria oocyst from rectally collected faeces. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection, Nematode and Eimeria species collectively, was 43.9% (95% CI=38.6-49.4). The estimated proportion of Nematode, Eimeria and mixed infection was 35.8%, 21.5% and 13.3%, respectively. Among the potential factors considered faecal consistency, age and study area were found to increase recovery of Nematode egg and Eimeria oocyst in faeces (p< 0.05). Area wise, the prevalence has been noted to be higher at Arsi Negelle followed by Hawassa and Shashemene (p< 0.05). Besides, younger and diarrheic calves were found more infected by Nematode and Eimeria species than their adult and non-diarrheic counterpart. Based on their morphological appearance, Strongyle type (20.3%), Trichuris (4.2%) and Ascaris (16.3%) eggs, Eimeria oocysts (21.5%) were observed. In the light of this finding, the authors would like to advise the need for strategic intervention.

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Weight gain and resistance to gastrointestinal nematode infections in two genetically diverse groups of cattle

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Novel epidemiological model of gastrointestinal-nematode infection to assess grazing cattle resilience by integrating host growth, parasite, grass and environmental dynamics

Novel epidemiological model of gastrointestinal-nematode infection to assess grazing cattle resilience by integrating host growth, parasite, grass and environmental dynamics

Beef Production Systems with Steers of Dairy and Dairy × Beef Breeds Based on Forage and Semi-Natural Pastures

Calves gastrointestinal nematodes and Eimeria prevalence and associated risk factors in dairy farms, southern Ethiopia

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