Weekly paclitaxel, estramustine phosphate, and oral etoposide in the treatment of hormone‐refractory prostate carcinoma

Abstract

An O−carboxymethylated chitosan (O− CMCh) water solution (I) and N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMAc) emulsion (II) were blended with a cellulose LiCl/DMAc solution, and corresponding polyblends (Polyblends I and II) were obtained. The rheology of the three fluids, that is, the cellulose solution and Polyblends I and II, was investigated. The cellulose solution was characterized by a power‐law fluid. When an O‐CMCh water solution or DMAc emulsion was added to the cellulose solution, the power‐law curve was preserved. The power‐law indexes (n) of all three fluids increased along with the temperature. Polyblend I displays an n close to but a little higher than that of the cellulose solution, while Polyblend II shows a much higher power index than those of the other two fluids. The values of the apparent viscosity (ηa) for all the three fluids are close and decrease along with an increase in the temperature. Adding O‐CMCh microparticles into Polyblends I and II results in a decrease in the structural viscosity index (Δη) in comparison to that of the cellulose solution, and this effect is very obvious for Polyblend I. A cellulose solution's Δη declines with the augmentation of temperature, while the Δη's of both Polyblends I and II show minimum values at about 323 K. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1719–1725, 2003

Effective chemotherapy for hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC): Present status and perspectives with taxane-based treatments

“…Of 16 published phase II studies, Paclitaxel was combined with Carboplatin, Estramustine, Etoposide, and Epirubicin [46,[47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. There are synergistic in vitro data of the combination of Paclitaxel and Gemcitabine [61].…”

Strontium 89 Combined with Gemcitabine in Androgen-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Results of a Phase I-II Study

“…Optional treatments include combinations of mitoxantrone-prednisone, estramustine phosphate-paclitaxel-etoposide and vinorelbine based regimens. These regimens are modestly effective in terms of response rate (20%-40%), time to progression (3-4 months) and median survival (10-14 months), and they are all associated with significant toxicity [24][25][26][27]. Other alternatives, such as bone-seeker radioactive medications (alpha or beta emitters), combined with chemotherapy might be indicated.…”

Estrogen in Prostate Cancer - Friend or Foe?

“…EMP inhibits microtubule formation and exhibits estrogenic properties; however estramustine's mechanism of action against cancer is not well understood. Estramustine is currently being evaluated in combination with other chemotherapeutics [130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141]. PC-SPES until recently was one of the most popular "alternative" estrogenic substances for treatment of prostate cancer.…”