Weedy Hosts and Prevalence of Potential Leafhopper Vectors (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) of a Phytoplasma (16SrIX group) Associated With Huanglongbing Symptoms in Citrus Groves

Marques, Rodrigo Neves; Teixeira, D. C.; Yamamoto, Pedro Takao; Lopes, João Roberto Spotti

doi:10.1603/ec11254

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Recently, a leafhopper ( Scaphytopius marginelineatus ) was reported to be the carrier of the Brazilian HLB‐symptom‐associated phytoplasma (16SrIX) (Marques et al. ). However, whether S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Molecular Characterization of a 16SrII‐A* Phytoplasma in Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) with Huanglongbing‐like Symptoms in China

Lou

XianJin

Bai

et al. 2013

Journal of Phytopathology

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In the year 2010, in a survey in Guangxi Province, China, to detect and characterize phytoplasmas in a huanglongbing (HLB)-infected grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) orchard, 87 leaf samples with symptoms of blotchy mottle were collected from symptomatic grapefruit trees, and 320 leaf samples from symptomless trees adjacent to the symptomatic trees. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using universal phytoplasma primer set P1/ P7 followed by primer set fU5/rU3 identified 7 (8.0%) positive samples from symptomatic samples but none from symptomless samples. Of the 87 symptomatic samples, 77 (88.5%) were positive for 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' and 5 for both phytoplasma and 'Ca. L. asiaticus'. Sequence analysis indicated that seven 881-bp amplicons, amplified by nested phytoplasma primer sets P1/P7 and fU5/rU3, shared 100.0% sequence identity with each other. Genome walking was then performed based on the 881 bp known sequences, and 5111 bp of upstream and downstream sequences were obtained. The total 5992 bp sequences contained a complete rRNA operon, composed of a 16S rRNA gene, a tRNA Ile gene, a 23S rRNA gene and a 5S rRNA gene followed by eight tRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis and virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis confirmed the phytoplasma was a variant (16SrII-A*) of phytoplasma subgroup 16SrII-A. As phytoplasmas were only detected in blotchy-mottle leaves, the 16SrII-A* phytoplasma identified was related to HLB-like symptoms. J Phytopathol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Molecular Characterization of a 16SrII‐A* Phytoplasma in Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) with Huanglongbing‐like Symptoms in China

Lou

XianJin

Bai

et al. 2013

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…In Brazil, Lam was reported to be the prevalent Liberibacter along with minor presence of Las in 2004 [ 5 , 6 ], however there was a shift in the occurrence of Las and currently, it has, by far, been the most prevalent Liberibacter found in citrus orchards for several years [ 2 ]. Since other HLB associated bacteria, such as phytoplasmas [ 7 , 8 ], are not known to be associated with psyllids [ 9 ] and Laf is not found in Brazil [ 10 ], studies on the interaction between Las and D. citri are of capital importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Diaphorina citri Carrying Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in Brazil’s Citrus Belt

Wulff

Daniel

Sassi

et al. 2020

Insects

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Huanglongbing (HLB) is a citrus disease of worldwide importance, associated with the presence of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) and vectored by the psyllid Diaphorina citri in Asia and the Americas. To properly manage HLB, removal of inoculum sources and control of the psyllid are undertaken. We evaluated the percentage of the psyllid population with Las, sampled from yellow sticky traps over a three-year period and its relationship with insect population, regions, season of the year, and HLB management in citrus areas in the southwestern, central, and northern regions of São Paulo (SP) and southwestern region of Minas Gerais states, Brazil. In each reading, up to 50 psyllids per region were collected and detection of Las in individual psyllids were made by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The percentage of psyllids with Las—an average of 65.3%—was constant throughout the year in the southwestern region of SP state, while showing an increase from spring to autumn when sampled from central to northern regions. The proportion of psyllids carrying Las from each region and year period were compared by a proportion test and spectral density analysis. The proportion of psyllids carrying Las evaluated in the same region in different seasons presented statistical differences in central (Araraquara) and southwestern (Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo) regions in 2015, with higher values in the first semester (summer and autumn) than in the second semester (winter and spring). Orchards with poor HLB management had higher incidence of psyllids with Las. Spectral density analysis indicated that good management areas had 50% less relevant peaks of psyllids with Las than in areas with poor HLB management practices. The relationship between the percentage of psyllids carrying Las and the number of captured psyllids in the region in a given time denotes the most critical intake time for HLB spread in citrus orchards. The reduction in the population of psyllids carrying Las is a direct benefit from the use of good management practices.

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“…It is also a relevant contribution to ecological studies of phytoplasmas in Brazilian agroecosystems, where the corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis was until now the only species confirmed as a vector. Because some of these new vectors species (particularly A. albidula and B. hebe ) are highly abundant on weeds present on the spontaneous vegetation of some crops affected by phytoplasmas (Marques, Teixeira, Yamamoto, & Lopes, ; Oliveira et al., ), they may be involved in the epidemiology of other diseases associated with these pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of “Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni”‐related strain associated with broccoli stunt by four species of leafhoppers

Kreyci

Eckstein

Lopes

et al. 2018

Journal of Phytopathology

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A disease known as broccoli stunt, associated with “Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni”‐related strain, has been responsible by significant economic losses in crops grown in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Previous investigations evidenced some species of leafhoppers observed in broccoli fields as potential vectors of the phytoplasma. In this study, the six species more frequently found in broccoli crops were collected to confirm that evidence. Group of five insects of each species were confined per broccoli seedling for an inoculation access period (IAP) of 48 hr. After the IAP, each group was tested for detection of phytoplasma. Evaluation of plants was performed 60 days after inoculation based on the presence of phytoplasma in their tissues. When transmission was positive, genomic fragments corresponding to 16S rDNA were sequenced both for the infected plants and its respective group of insects. The results revealed that the species Agallia albidula, Agalliana sticticollis, Atanus nitidus and Balcluta hebe were able to transmit phytoplasma to broccoli seedlings. Based on the estimates of transmission probability by single insects (P), the highest transmission rate was observed for A. nitidus (24.2%) and the lowest for B. hebe (1.9%). The sequencing of 16S rDNA revealed complete similarity between the sequences of the phytoplasma transmitted to broccoli test plants and the sequences of the phytoplasma found in the field‐collected leafhoppers. These findings support the inclusion of those species as vectors of phytoplasmas belonging to 16SrIII group in broccolis, providing additional information to improve management of this important disease of endemic occurrence.

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Weedy Hosts and Prevalence of Potential Leafhopper Vectors (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) of a Phytoplasma (16SrIX group) Associated With Huanglongbing Symptoms in Citrus Groves

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Detection and Molecular Characterization of a 16SrII‐A* Phytoplasma in Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) with Huanglongbing‐like Symptoms in China

Detection and Molecular Characterization of a 16SrII‐A* Phytoplasma in Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) with Huanglongbing‐like Symptoms in China

Incidence of Diaphorina citri Carrying Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in Brazil’s Citrus Belt

Transmission of “Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni”‐related strain associated with broccoli stunt by four species of leafhoppers

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