Weed management in wet direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.): Issues and opportunities

Kumar, Vivek; Mahajan, Gulshan; Sheng, Qiang; Chauhan, Bhagirath Singh

doi:10.1016/bs.agron.2023.01.002

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Again, the weed density thresholds affecting the rice yield are high (Das et al, 2021), which can explain why there are no effects on production. In India, the yield reductions derived from weeds competition in fields managed following FSW are higher than those in FSP (Kumar et al, 2023). Mechanical transplanting permits mechanised weeding between rows and eases manual weeding (Pipeng et al, 2021), thereby reducing the need of herbicides (Liu et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐chemical weed management for sustainable rice production in the Ebro Delta

Palma‐Guillén,

Salicrú,

Nadal

et al. 2024

Weed Research

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Weed control is one of the major challenges in rice cultivation, and the use of agrochemicals for this crop is severely restricted under the new European agricultural policy. Therefore, new effective non‐chemical weed control techniques are the key to sustain European rice production. We investigated four non‐chemical weed management strategies in the Ebro Delta in north‐eastern Spain, two in dry‐seeded rice fields and two in water‐seeded rice fields. In addition, two controls per sowing condition were included: a positive control consisting of chemical herbicides treatment and a negative control consisting of no weeding and no seeding. Mechanical weeding using a rotary harrow placed in front of the seeder was the best weeding technique for dry seeding, while ‘stale seed bed’ and transplanting was the best performing technique for wet seeding. Both techniques were as effective as the chemical weeding control, reducing the density of weeds and the supplementary manual weeding time needed for those weed species more abundant in Ebro Delta rice fields (i.e., Echinochloa oryzoides, Echinochloa crus‐galli, Bolboschoenus maritimus and Heteranthera reniformis). Thus, non‐chemical weeding alternatives have been proven effective for both, transplanting and dry seeding field management strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐chemical weed management for sustainable rice production in the Ebro Delta

Palma‐Guillén,

Salicrú,

Nadal

et al. 2024

Weed Research

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“…Since ancient times, weeds have held signi cant roles in traditional cultures, serving diverse purposes such as medicinal applications, food sources, magical practices, goods production, and participation in religious rituals. [1][2][3][4] In Africa and various other developing regions, edible weeds have been closely linked to periods of famine, earning them the moniker "famine food." 5 These resilient plants play a crucial role in addressing dietary needs, overcoming food shortages, and contributing to income generation 1,6,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitation and correlation of selected nutrients in the soil, foliar, stem and root of edible weed, Talinum Paniculatum around University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa

Achieng,

Omondi,

Shikuku

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The use of wild edible herbs as leafy vegetables is notably prevalent in South Africa, where they are commonly prepared as potherbs alongside cornmeal or incorporated into side dishes. However, Talinum Paniculatum (T. Paniculatum), a wild edible herb, remains relatively obscure and underappreciated compared to introduced non-native vegetables. It needs increased attention, given its status as a ubiquitous weed and its potential to meet daily human nutritional needs. This study aimed to assess the nutrient content in the soil, foliage, stem, and roots of the edible weed T. Paniculatum in the vicinity of the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. Additionally, the study sought to establish correlations between nutrient levels in foliar and soil samples. Triplicates of plant matter and soil samples were collected from campus, roadside, and riverside sites, carefully prepared, and analyzed following the standardized protocols. Results were compared against FAO/WHO standard limits to determine compliance status. Notably, compliant levels of Fe, Cu, Zn, and Na were observed in the foliar samples across all three sampling sites. However, levels of Ca and K fell within tolerable limits only in campus and riverside samples, respectively. It is noteworthy, that the foliar samples exhibited an average gross calorific value of 0.6561 kcal/g. Conversely, levels of Mn, Mg, and Pb exceeded permissible limits as stipulated by standards. Soil analysis revealed that pH, Fe, Cu (except in campus samples), Mn, Zn, and Pb were within permissible limits. Nevertheless, concentrations of Ca, Na, Mg, and K surpassed tolerable levels. This comprehensive examination sheds light on the nutritional potential of T. Paniculatum, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and harnessing the benefits of this underutilized wild edible herb.

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“…Recently, the sustainability of the flooded PTR method in northwest India has been threatened because it consumes a large amount of labor, water, and energy-all of which are becoming increasingly scarce and expensive in the region [9,10]. All of these factors present foundational challenges to sustaining high levels of rice production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dry direct-seeded rice (DSR) has emerged as a socio-economically viable and environmentally promising alternative to PTR to achieve productivity gains with lower water and labor utilization, production costs, and GHG emissions [4,10,14,15]. In DSR, seeds are directly sown (drill-sown with a machine or manually broadcast) in the main field, instead of nursery raising and transplanting rice seedlings as is the case in PTR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DSR can be established either by (1) sowing in dry soil followed by irrigation (conventional DSR) or by (2) sowing in moist soil after pre-sowing irrigation (locally known as vattar DSR, also known as soil mulch DSR [12,16,17]. Based on field studies conducted in the region, DSR in comparison to PTR provides multiple benefits, including savings in labor (by eliminating the processes of nursery raising, uprooting, and transplanting seedlings), water (18-50%), cost of cultivation (INR 6436-7950 ha −1 ), and positively impacting succeeding wheat yield (8-10%) in rotation, higher net income, and reduction in global warming potential (32-44%) [9,10,13,18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate and Gibberellic Acid Enhances the Performance of Dry Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in North-Western India

Dhillon

Kumar

Sagwal³

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Poor early growth and uneven crop establishment are reported as the major bottlenecks in wide-scale adoption and optimal yield realization of dry direct-seeded rice (DSR). Seed priming can potentially help overcome these problems in DSR. Therefore, laboratory and field studies were conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, during kharif/wet-season 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the effect of different priming techniques on germination, establishment, growth, and grain yield of rice under DSR conditions. The following priming treatments were evaluated: dry non-primed seed (control), hydropriming with distilled water, halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate, hormopriming with 50 ppm gibberellic acid (GA3), and osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG)(−0.6 MPa), each with 12 and 24 h priming duration. In 2019, priming treatments were tested under two DSR establishment methods—conventional DSR (sowing in dry soil followed by irrigation) and soil mulch DSR (locally known as vattar DSR) (sowing in moist soil after pre-sowing irrigation), whereas in 2018, priming treatments were evaluated under conventional DSR only. In both years, halopriming and hormopriming resulted in a 7–11% increase in rice yields compared to non-primed dry seed (control). Osmopriming resulted in a 4% yield increase compared to control in 2018 but not in 2019. The higher yields in halopriming and hormopriming were attributed to higher and rapid germination/crop emergence, better root growth, and improvement in yield attributes. Priming effect on crop emergence, growth, and yield did not differ by DSR establishment methods and duration of priming. Conventional DSR and soil mulch DSR did not differ in grain yield, whereas they differed in crop emergence, growth, and yield attributes. These results suggest that halopriming with 2.0% potassium nitrate and hormopriming with 50 ppm GA3 has good potential to improve crop establishment and yield of rice in both conventional and soil mulch DSR systems.

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Weed management in wet direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.): Issues and opportunities

Cited by 7 publications

References 56 publications

Non‐chemical weed management for sustainable rice production in the Ebro Delta

Non‐chemical weed management for sustainable rice production in the Ebro Delta

Quantitation and correlation of selected nutrients in the soil, foliar, stem and root of edible weed, Talinum Paniculatum around University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa

Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate and Gibberellic Acid Enhances the Performance of Dry Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in North-Western India

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