Weed flora of dryland crops in the Córdoba region (Spain)

Hidalgo, Blanca del Espino; Saavedra, Milagros Saavedra; García‐Torres, L.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1990.tb01718.x

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Deste total, 44 espécies são dicotiledôneas e 10 são monocotiledôneas. Asteraceae (=Compositae) e Poaceae (=Gramineae) são as famílias que contribuíram com maior número de espécies, sendo ambas geralmente apontadas como as mais representativas em comunidades de plantas daninhas, em diferentes regiões (Fonseca et al, 1983;Salva & Bermejo, 1988;Hidalgo et al, 1990;Weber et al, 1995;Stevenson et al, 1997). Cerca de 80% das espécies são herbáceas e o restante são arbustivas ou subarbustivas.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Composição florística e estrutura da comunidade de plantas do estrato herbáceo em áreas de cultivo de árvores frutíferas

Yanagizawa

Maimoni-Rodella

1999

Planta daninha

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O objetivo do presente trabalho foi caracterizar, em três épocas, a comunidade de plantas presentes em áreas de cultivo de abacateiro e de nogueira pecan, localizadas na Fazenda Experimental Lageado, da FCA-UNESP, município de Botucatu-SP. Em decorrência da arquitetura da copa e do caráter decíduo das nogueiras, esta área apresenta-se mais ensolarada, o que produz condições ambientais diferentes entre as duas áreas estudadas. Foi estabelecida uma grade retangular composta de 55 parcelas quadradas, contíguas, com 5 m de lado, havendo 40 parcelas sob os abacateiros e 15 sob as nogueiras. As coletas foram realizadas em março, maio e agosto de 1993, quando foram sorteados quadrados de 1x 1 m em cada parcela, de forma a não haver coincidência entre as amostragens realizadas em cada época. Foram levantadas as espécies ocorrentes, sua porcentagem de cobertura e freqüência. Os dados foram analisados através de métodos multivariados, utilizando-se a Análise de Agrupamento para as seis situações (3 épocas x 2 ambientes). Foram coletadas, no total, 54 espécies, distribuídas em 38 gêneros e 19 famílias, sendo Asteraceae e Poaceae as que contribuíram com o maior número de espécies. A riqueza em espécies foi maior na área sob as nogueiras; em ambas as áreas, a riqueza foi maior na estação úmida. Sob os abacateiros, a porcentagem de cobertura total da comunidade apresentou pouca variação temporal, diferindo da área sob as nogueiras onde se observou flutuação deste parâmetro. O padrão de distribuição espacial, para quase todas as populações, foi do tipo agrupado. A similaridade florística foi maior entre as duas áreas dentro de cada época de coleta. A presença constante de espécies como Commelina nudiflora que contribuiu com valores elevados de cobertura nas três épocas de coleta, mostra a necessidade de utilizar métodos de controle permanentes na área do pomar estudado.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Composição florística e estrutura da comunidade de plantas do estrato herbáceo em áreas de cultivo de árvores frutíferas

Yanagizawa

Maimoni-Rodella

1999

Planta daninha

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“…zones' Condado de Huelva DO (Huelva province), Montilla-Moriles DO (Córdoba province), and Jerez-Xérès-Sherry y Manzanilla-Sanlúcar de Barrameda DO (Cádiz province; Téliz et al 2007). In each field, the degree of infestation of each weed species was determined following a density scale or infestation index from 1 to 5, in which 1=<1 plant m −2 , 2=1-5 plants m −2 , 3=6-25 plants m −2 , 4=26-50 plants m −2 , and 5=>50 plants m −2 (Saavedra et al 1989;Hidalgo et al 1990). The most common and abundant weed species (i.e., those showing an infestation index ≥2) were selected for studying their suitability as hosts for root-knot nematodes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability of weed species prevailing in Spanish vineyards as hosts for root-knot nematodes

et al. 2007

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Commercial vineyards in southern Spain were surveyed and sampled during October to December 2004 to determine the extent to which common weeds present were suitable hosts of root-knot nematodes infesting soils of those vineyards. Seven weed species commonly growing in grapevine soils in southern Spain were found infected by either Meloidogyne incognita or M. javanica: Amaranthus retroflexus (redroot pigweed), Anchusa azurea (ox-tongue), Chenopodium album (goosefoot), Erodium moschatum (musk stork's bill), Malva rotundifolia (low mallow), Sinapis alba (white mustard), and Solanum nigrum (black nightshade). The host suitability of the weeds to root-knot nematodes was evaluated on the basis of root galling severity and nematode population densities in soil and roots. Also, the host-parasite relationship in these naturally Meloidogyne-infected weeds was examined. All the weed species in the study were considered suitable hosts for M. incognita and M.javanica because: (a) high Meloidogyne spp. populations occurred in roots and surrounding soil of the weed species; (b) the severity of root galling was high, and (c) well-established permanent feeding sites were observed in the histopathological studies of infected root tissues. In addition, this study presents the first reports of S. alba and A. azurea as hosts for M. incognita, and of E. moschatum as a new host for M. javanica, thus increasing the list of reported weed hosts for Meloidogyne spp. These results indicate that noticeable population densities of M. incognita and M. javanica can be maintained or increased in these weeds, at population levels higher than those previously reported for the same nematodes infecting grapevine roots. The weeds infesting vineyards thus represent an important source of inoculum of Meloidogyne spp., and furthermore may act as reservoirs of these nematodes which can be disseminated within or among vineyards by agricultural operations.

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“…Convolvulus arvensis L. is a very important perennial weed that infests wheat and sunflower in Spain (Jurado-Expósito et al, 2003;Hidalgo et al, 1990;Saavedra et al, 1989) and produces few viable seeds when growing in competition with agronomic crops and reproduces primarily vegetatively by underground rootstock. In addition, adventitious shoots arising from a network of rootstocks reduce crop yields and interfere with the harvest (Liebman et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal analysis of Convolvulus arvensis L. populations over four growing seasons

Jurado-Expósito

López‐Granados

González‐Andújar

et al. 2004

European Journal of Agronomy

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Intensive field surveys of Convolvulus arvensis were conducted over the course of four growing seasons (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002) in a 1.6 ha section of a field located in Andalusia, southern Spain, cropped with wheat in 1999 and 2001 and with sunflower in 2000 and 2002. In order to characterise the spatial and temporal variability of C. arvensis density, geostatistical techniques were used. Data from the study were used to design precise herbicide spraying. The density and spatial distribution of C. arvensis varied widely with years and crops. In general, weed density was higher in wheat years (30.41 and 53.72, in 1999 and 2001, respectively) than in sunflower ones (20.67 and 24.03, in 2000 and 2002, respectively). C. arvensis density data showed strong and moderate spatial dependence. The C. arvensis density maps achieved by kriging were used to estimate the percentage of surface susceptible to be treated with a site-specific herbicide treatment based on an estimated economic threshold (ET) for each year of study. The C. arvensis infested areas varied considerably between years and crops. About 33 and 64% of the total infested area were moderately infested (density > 14 plant m −2 ) in wheat in 1999 and 2001, respectively, and about 17 and 19% in sunflower years (2000 and 2002, respectively). During the years cropped with sunflower the percentage of the total area infested with C. arvensis was reduced and therefore the area exceeding the economic threshold (AEET). So, if a given herbicide were applied just only to the areas exceeding the economic threshold, the average reduction in herbicide cost achieved in sunflower years could be around 81%. These approaches demonstrated the importance of growing different crops in weed management outcome, and could be useful to farmers and researchers in formulating a multiple-season weed management plan, especially since C. arvensis has been shown to have relatively stable patches over time and crop rotations in no-tillage systems.

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Weed flora of dryland crops in the Córdoba region (Spain)

Cited by 25 publications

References 1 publication

Composição florística e estrutura da comunidade de plantas do estrato herbáceo em áreas de cultivo de árvores frutíferas

Composição florística e estrutura da comunidade de plantas do estrato herbáceo em áreas de cultivo de árvores frutíferas

Suitability of weed species prevailing in Spanish vineyards as hosts for root-knot nematodes

Spatial and temporal analysis of Convolvulus arvensis L. populations over four growing seasons

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