Weed Control with CGA-152005 and Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Response¹

Abstract

Field studies were conducted in 1994 and 1995 to evaluate CGA-152005 for weed control and effect on peanut (Arachis hypogaea) yield in Texas peanut production areas. CGA-152005 at 10 to 20 g/ha controlled eclipta (Eclipta prostrata), golden crownbeard (Verbesina enceliodes), and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) > 90% when applied preemergence (PRE) or soon after peanut emergence (EPOST). CGA-152005 postemergence (POST) controlled eclipta > 95%; sandhills amaranth (Amaranthus arenicola) 99%; golden crownbeard, pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa), and hophornbeam copperleaf (Acalypha ostryifolia) < 80%; and Palmer amaranth and ivyleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea) from 37 to 89%. CGA-152005 injured peanut up to 37% and reduced yield up to 94%.

NATURAL SELECTION ON A LEAF-SHAPE POLYMORPHISM IN THE IVYLEAF MORNING GLORY (IPOMOEA HEDERACEA)

“…Because I. hederacea is a serious pest of crops such as cotton, peanuts, and tobacco, populations in agricultural fields commonly consist of several thousand to tens of thousands of individuals (Whigham 1984; Wilcut et al 1996; Jennings et al 1997; Grichar et al 2000). Such populations have large seed banks, often persist for decades, and are almost certainly large enough for the leaf‐shape polymorphism to be maintained by heterozygote advantage of the magnitude detected in our experiments, even in the face of severe inbreeding.…”

Time of Removal of Crownbeard (Verbesina encelioides) on Peanut Yield

“…Brandenberger et al (2005) achieved 100% control of V. encelioides using the sulfonylurea herbicide halosulfuron in a honeydew melon (Cucumus melo L.) crop. However, only about 70% control of V. encelioides was achieved with another sulfonylurea herbicide, prosulfuron (CGA-15205) in a Texas peanut crop (Grichar et al 2000). To maximize crop yields, Farris et al (2005) recommended removal of V. encelioides before the fourth week of crop emergence.…”

Evaluation of Sulfonylurea Herbicides on Cool and Warm Season Turf Species

“…Sulfonylurea herbicides can be used for grassy weed control as soil and foliar applications (10). This class of herbicides has been studied extensively for use in agricultural crops (4,5), and has been utilized for sedge control in turf (1,8). However, many of the new chemicals have not been fully tested for safety or control of turf species.…”