Weed control on hard surfaces in The Netherlands

Kempenaar, C.; Spijker, J.H.

doi:10.1002/ps.863

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Pesticide washoff loads were measured from pre-washed concrete surfaces at various set times. The following three simulation settings were involved in the test, [1] K d =0 as suggested by USEPA, [2] reported K d values from soil adsorption studies, and [3] K d calibrated to the measured washoff loads at 1 day after application (DAA), and applied to data with a longer set time. Input parameters were mainly retrieved from registration data (37) ( Table 1).…”

Section: Transport Modeling With Impervious Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impervious surfaces are primary sources of overland flow generation in the urban environment. Impervious surfaces are often directly treated with pesticides in structural pest control applications, paved area applications, and incidental overspray or drift (1,2). Previous studies suggest that impervious surfaces are the dominant contributors to pesticide movement off-site in urban areas (3)(4)(5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Modeling Approaches for Pesticide Washoff from Impervious Surfaces

Luo

2014

ACS Symposium Series

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Pesticide uses on impervious surfaces and subsequent offsite transport significantly contribute to pesticide detection and aquatic toxicity in urban watersheds. This review evaluates the various methods that currently exist to model pesticide washoff from impervious surfaces. Empirical equations successfully describe pesticide washoff by calibration to a single rainfall event, but lack consistent parameterization with varying set time and repeated rainfall. Partitioning coefficients determined from experimental data could significantly improve PRZM capability in predicting pesticide washoff from impervious surfaces. Highlighted in this review is a new semi-mechanistic approach which incorporates the time-dependence of washoff potential during the dry period after application and washoff dynamics during a runoff event. This review aims to provide information to guide model selection and model development for pesticide registration, regulation, and mitigation for urban pesticide uses. IntroductionPesticide transport in urban watersheds is a function of stormwater hydrology, various processes that control transport in watercourses, and the dynamics of pesticide release and washoff from treated surfaces. While stormwater modeling and pesticide transport in runoff have been extensively investigated, relatively few studies have evaluated pesticide washoff from urban landscapes, especially from impervious surfaces. Impervious surfaces are primary sources of overland flow generation in the urban environment. Impervious surfaces are often directly treated with pesticides in structural pest control applications, paved area applications, and incidental overspray or drift (1, 2). Previous studies suggest that impervious surfaces are the dominant contributors to pesticide movement off-site in urban areas (3-5). Compared to other surfaces such as turf and bare soils, limited knowledge is available on the dynamics of pesticide buildup and washoff on impervious surfaces. The California Department of Pesticide Regulation (CDPR) recently adopted new regulations to protect water quality in urban areas by restricting pyrethroid application amounts and certain contact areas (6). Thus, there is an emerging research need for improved washoff modeling capabilities to evaluate the effectiveness of the regulations and extrapolate the effect of mitigation practices to different conditions.The physical processes and modeling approaches of urban pollutant washoff and runoff have been reviewed in previous studies (7-13). Most of the reviews focus on pesticide transport in overland flow, concentrated flow and/or pipe flow over urban landscapes. This chapter reviews existing modeling approaches for simulating pesticide washoff from impervious surfaces, and introduces a semi-mechanistic model developed based on washoff experiments data. The models discussed here are classified as empirical or mechanistic (or semi-mechanistic) approaches. The empirical models are based on statistical analysis and data fitting and do not explicitly simulate mass t...

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Section: Transport Modeling With Impervious Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Modeling Approaches for Pesticide Washoff from Impervious Surfaces

Luo

2014

ACS Symposium Series

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“…In thermal weed control, a heat source that creates a high temperature environment around the plant is used (Sirvydas, Kerpauskas, 2012). Several methods, such as flame (Ascard, 1998;Ulloa et al, 2012;Datta, Knezevic, 2013), hot water (Hansson, Ascard, 2002;Quarles, 2004), hot foam (Kempenaar, Spijker, 2004), and water steam, have been used in thermal weed control Virbickaitė et al, 2006;Staniulienė, 2010;Sirvydas, Kerpauskas, 2012). Special conditions are created in the plant environment when using the steam method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Winter oilseed rape and weed competition in organic farming using non-chemical weed control

Velička

Marcinkevičienė

Pupalienė

et al. 2016

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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One of the reasons why the area sown with oilseed rape in organic farms is not expanding is problems with weed, disease, and pest control as well as low seed yield. There is a lack of investigations on oilseed rape cultivated in an organic system, especially employing innovative weed control methods. To fill this gap in knowledge, field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Station of Aleksandras Stulginskis University in 2012-2013 with the aim of identifying and assessing the impact of different non-chemical weed control methods (thermal -TWC, mechanical -MWC and smothering -SMT) on weed competitiveness in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) crops during the autumn vegetation period in an organic farming system with and without the use of plant bio-activators in a soil with a regular (23-25 cm) (1 st experiment) and with a thickened (48-50 cm) (2 nd experiment) humus layer. It was found, that compared with thermal and mechanical weed control, in the treatment using smothering weed control and spraying with plant bio-activators or not spraying, the density of winter rape crop in the soil with a regular humus layer was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower (1.2 to 5.3 times); in the soil with a thickened humus layer, the density of winter rape crop was 1.5 to 5.9 times lower. In winter oilseed rape during autumn vegetation period, 20-22 weed species were found, including 18-19 annuals. Stellaria media (L.) Vill., Veronica arvensis L., Sinapis arvensis L. and Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. were the predominant weeds.In the soil with a regular and a thickened humus layer, thermal and mechanical weed control significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased the number of weed seedlings (1.1 to 1.9 times) when plant bio-activators were used compared with the smothering treatment. Weed control in the smothering treatment in the soil with a regular and thickened humus layers was not effective. Mechanical weed control was more efficient than thermal. Application of plant bio-activators increased the efficiency of the thermal weed control.

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“…These substances are also used on roads and rail tracks, in homes and in gardens. [4] They are used as anti-fouling paints on ships and boats, [5] timber treatments and surface biocides and against human disease vectors such as mosquitoes. Pesticides enter in the surface waters with several ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal analysis of pesticides concentrations in surface water: Pesticides atlas

Vijver

Zelfde

Tamis

et al. 2008

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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Dutch water boards have a well-established program for monitoring pesticide contamination of surface waters. These monitoring data have been processed into a graphic format accessible online and designed to provide insight into pesticide presence in Dutch surface waters and trends over time: the Pesticides Atlas (http://www.pesticidesatlas.nl). With this tool one can easily get maps of where a pesticide is being measured and where it might possibly constitute an environmental problem over the years. Presently, results of the periods 1997/1998 until 2005/2006 are available at the level of individual active ingredients. At a national level, the percentage of pesticides concentrations that exceed the maximum tolerable risk has declined 30% to 38% over the years 2003/2004 compared with 1997/1998. This means that surface water quality in the Netherlands has improved with respect to pesticides, however there are still many locations at which the measured concentrations exceed the environmental quality standards. The results on linking land use to pesticides concentrations were shown to assist in optimization of monitoring programs. By developing the present Internet tool, many new opportunities for environmental risk assessment and risk management were identified, e.g. optimization of monitoring strategies and communication to policymakers.

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Weed control on hard surfaces in The Netherlands

Cited by 19 publications

References 1 publication

Review of Modeling Approaches for Pesticide Washoff from Impervious Surfaces

Review of Modeling Approaches for Pesticide Washoff from Impervious Surfaces

Winter oilseed rape and weed competition in organic farming using non-chemical weed control

Spatial and temporal analysis of pesticides concentrations in surface water: Pesticides atlas

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