Weed Control in Field Nurseries

Abstract

<jats:p>Herbicide use is an important component of weed management in field nursery crops. No single herbicide controls all weed species. Oxyfluorfen, simazine, and isoxaben are preemergence herbicides effective against broadleaf weeds. Oryzalin, pendimethalin, and prodiamine are effective in preemergence control of grasses and some small-seeded broadleaf weeds. Metolachlor is the only herbicide currently labeled for nursery crops that is effective in preemergence nutsedge (<jats:italic>Cyperus</jats:italic>) control. Fluazifop-butyl, sethoxydim, and clethodim are selective postemergence herbicides used for grass control. Glyphosate, paraquat, and glufosinate are nonselective postemergence herbicides used in directed spray applications for broad-spectrum weed control. Bentazon, halosulfuron, and imazaquin are effective postemergence nutsedge herbicides. These herbicides are discussed with respect to their chemical class, mode of action, labeled rates, and current research addressing their effectiveness in nursery crops.</jats:p>

Management of flatheaded appletree borer (Chrysobothris femorata Olivier) in woody ornamental nursery production with a winter cover crop

“…Summer weeds, including ragweed, are difficult to manage in local nursery plantings. Weeds are all known for competing with main crops for moisture and nutrients, reducing primary crop growth in a nursery production system . Ragweed suppression was noted in the second year of this study, suggesting that repeated use of cover crops can aid in the management of even recalcitrant weeds.…”

Efficacy and Crop Safety of Soil Herbicides in the Fruit Nursery

“…A zero phytotoxic effect is one of the basic preconditions for using the soil residual herbicides (Atland et al, 2003;LeBude et al, 2007;Rankova, 2011). We detected no negative effects either on growth and leaf colour on rootstocks or on occulated apple, pear, sweet cherry, plum and peach varieties in the second year after the treatments.…”

“…Weeds have a negative effect on growth and overall health status of the plants. They compete with trees for water, light and nutrients (Atland et al, 2003;Hanson and Schneider, 2008;Prodanova-Marinova and Koňova, 2015). In weed-infested places the fertilizers are not utilized economically (Rankova and Zhivondov, 2010;Glowacka, 2011).…”

“…For effective weed control it is possible to apply pre-emergent or post-emergent herbicides. The choice of the type of herbicide should be careful to prevent damage to the plants (Atland et al, 2003;Somerville et al, 2017). Post-emergent applications are more risky because the plants often have some green organs and so spraying must be very accurate.…”

Fumigation efficacy and emission reduction using low-permeability film in orchard soil fumigation

“…Tree seedlings and newly established plantings are not very competitive; even moderate levels of weed infestation can affect tree crop establishment and reduce plant productivity. 30 Weeds can also interfere with field (i.e. budding, grafting and pruning) and harvest operations, thereby reducing farm efficiency and increasing management costs.…”