Weed community shifts during the aging of perennial intermediate wheatgrass crops harvested for grain in arable fields

Duchêne, Olivier; Bathellier, Camille; Dumont, Benjamin; David, Christophe; Celette, Florian

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2022.126721

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…], kochia [ Bassia scoparia (L.) A. J. Scott], and pinnate tansymustard [ Descurainia pinna (Walter) Britton]. Both Law et al (2021) and Duchene et al (2023) noted that grass weeds were more prominent than annual broadleaf weeds as IWG stands aged, suggesting that a prevention strategy for grass weeds before IWG should be a management priority. Their results also highlight the need for evaluation of grass herbicide use in IWG grain production systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have shown that weed biomass is highest in the establishment year and decreases substantially as the IWG stand ages (Dick et al 2019; Olugbenle et al 2021; Zimbric et al 2020). A recent study showed that over 4 yr, weed biomass declined in the fall of all years but remained constant in the spring (Duchene et al 2023). Other studies have noted that weed biomass in IWG is generally low (Law et al 2020; Sakiroglu et al 2020; Pinto et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies have noted that weed biomass in IWG is generally low (Law et al 2020; Sakiroglu et al 2020; Pinto et al 2022). Furthermore, weed community composition tends to transition from broadleaf annual species, particularly winter annual, to perennial broadleaf and grass species after establishment (Duchene et al 2023; Law et al 2021; Zimbric et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthetic auxin herbicides do not injure intermediate wheatgrass or affect grain yield

Shoenberger,

Jungers,

Law

et al. 2023

Weed Technol

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Intermediate wheatgrass (IWG) is a cool-season perennial grass developed as a dual-purpose grain and forage crop. One barrier to adopting this crop is a lack of information on the effects of herbicides on IWG for grain production. An experiment was conducted to evaluate herbicide effects on IWG grain yield, crop injury, and weed control over 2 yr (2019-2021) at sites in Wisconsin, Minnesota, New York, and North Dakota, USA. This evaluation included Group 4 broadleaf herbicides registered in wheat: 2,4-D amine, clopyralid, MCPA, and a mixture of clopyralid + MCPA. Each herbicide or mixture was applied at 1X and 2X the labeled wheat application rate to newly planted and established (1 to 5 yr old) IWG stands in the fall or spring. Applications were made during IWG tillering or jointing stages in the fall or during the jointing stage in the spring. Across site years, application timing, herbicide, and application rate showed no effect on IWG grain yield or plant injury. Broadleaf weed control ranged from 71 to 92% across herbicide treatments relative to the nontreated check at the WI site while weed control at the MN site was variable among treatments. At the NY site, herbicides were equally effective for broadleaf weed suppression, whereas weed pressure was very low at the ND site and treatments did not affect weed cover. The results show that newly planted and established stands of IWG are tolerant to the synthetic auxin herbicides 2,4-D amine, clopyralid, and MCPA when applied during tillering or jointing in the fall or during jointing in the spring. Synthetic auxins represent a potentially useful tool for weed control in IWG cropping systems, especially for problematic broadleaf weed species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthetic auxin herbicides do not injure intermediate wheatgrass or affect grain yield

Shoenberger,

Jungers,

Law

et al. 2023

Weed Technol

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“…Notably, efforts have been made to develop a perennial grain crop called Kernza ® from intermediate wheatgrass (IWG) and a perennial rice (Zhang et al, 2023). Initial studies on Kernza ® demonstrated low autumn weed biomass over 4 years, though spring weed biomass remained high (Duchene et al, 2023). Weeds did not significantly affect IWG yields, likely due to differing ecological requirements.…”

Section: Cultivation Of Perennial and Perennialised Annual Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and future glyphosate use in European agriculture

Neve,

Matzrafi,

Ulber

et al. 2024

Weed Research

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There has been a longstanding and contentious debate about the future of glyphosate use in the European Union (EU). In November 2023, the European Commission approved the renewal of the use registration for glyphosate for a further 10 years. Nevertheless, the EU Farm to Fork strategy calls for a 50% reduction in pesticide use by 2030. In November 2022, the European Weed Research Society organised a 2 day workshop to identify critical glyphosate uses in current EU cropping systems and to review the availability of glyphosate alternatives. Workshop participants identified four current, critical uses in EU cropping systems; control and management of perennial weeds, weed control in conservation agriculture, vegetation management in tree and vine crops and herbicide resistance management. There are few herbicide alternatives that provide effective, economic, broad‐spectrum control of weeds, particularly perennial weeds. Mechanical weed control, and in particular, soil cultivation is the most obvious glyphosate alternative. However, this is not possible in conservation agriculture systems and, in general, increased soil cultivation has negative impacts for soil health. Emerging technologies for precision weed control can enable more targeted use of glyphosate, greatly reducing use rates. These technologies also facilitate the use and development of alternative targeted physical weed control (e.g. tillage, lasers, electricity), reducing the energy and environmental costs of these approaches. In tree crops, the use of organic and inorganic mulches can reduce the need for glyphosate use. In general, reduced use of glyphosate will require an even greater focus on integrated weed management to reduce weed establishment in agroecosystems, increase weed management diversity and limit the use of alternative resistance‐prone herbicides.

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“…Farmers have requested information about how to properly establish IWG (Lanker et al., 2020) and improve weed management in this crop (Wayman et al., 2019). While established IWG can effectively suppress weeds (Duchene et al., 2023; Olugbenle et al., 2021; Zimbric et al., 2020), IWG tends to be particularly uncompetitive with weeds between its planting and first grain harvest (Duchene et al., 2023; Olugbenle et al., 2021). Currently, there are few approved herbicides for IWG intended for human consumption (at the time of writing, only a 2,4‐D amine product, Weedar 64, Nufarm), and IWG marketing is focused on certified organic food products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of multi‐tactic weed management on weed suppression and yield in the establishment year of intermediate wheatgrass

Menalled,

Pelzer,

DiTommaso

et al. 2023

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & Dewey] (IWG) is a new perennial grain crop that can be harvested for multiple years. However, IWG grows slower than annual grain crops and is relatively uncompetitive with weeds during its establishment. Using multiple weed management tactics is a foundational principle of ecological weed management that can lead to synergistic interactions between tactics. Red clover intercropping, cultivation, and mowing—applied in isolation and all possible combinations—were assessed in a field experiment conducted at two sites in the northeastern United States. No single tactic or combination of tactics suppressed weeds relative to an untreated control. Likewise, there were no synergistic interactions between weed management tactics, indicating that the multi‐tactic treatments did not reduce weed biomass more than expected from the performance of each single‐tactic treatment in isolation. The lack of weed suppression across treatments likely contributed to their null to negative effect on IWG yield. Additionally, the competition from intercropping and the crop damage from cultivation and mowing may have reduced weed suppression and yield benefits. Although more research is needed to improve weed management in establishment year IWG, the experimental and analytical approach used here provides a framework that can be applied in other systems for evaluating the effects of multi‐tactic weed management and testing for synergistic interactions.

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Weed community shifts during the aging of perennial intermediate wheatgrass crops harvested for grain in arable fields

Cited by 9 publications

References 66 publications

Synthetic auxin herbicides do not injure intermediate wheatgrass or affect grain yield

Synthetic auxin herbicides do not injure intermediate wheatgrass or affect grain yield

Current and future glyphosate use in European agriculture

Effect of multi‐tactic weed management on weed suppression and yield in the establishment year of intermediate wheatgrass

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