Weathering processes in volcanic tuff rocks of the "Rupe di Coroglio" (Naples, southern Italy): erosion-rate estimation and weathering forms

Ietto, Fabio; Perri, Francesco; Filomena, Luciana

doi:10.3301/rol.2015.13

Cited by 6 publications

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“…Along the Coroglio cliff, tuff blocks can deform in and out of a near-vertical cliff face by up to 1 mm on a daily basis and up to 4 mm on an annual scale. These data demonstrate the inherent instability of studied tuff cliffs as well as other rocky cliffs worldwide (Collins and Stock, 2016), mainly during summertime (Ishikawa et al, 2004; F. Matano et al: Coroglio cliff integrated dataset Gunzburger et al, 2005;Hasler et al, 2012;Vargas et al, 2012;Stock et al, 2013;Collins and Stock, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Integrated dataset of deformation measurements in fractured volcanic tuff and meteorological data (Coroglio coastal cliff, Naples, Italy)

Matano

Caccavale

Esposito

et al. 2020

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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Abstract. Along the coastline of the Phlegraean Fields volcanic district, near Naples (Italy), severe retreat processes affect a large part of the coastal cliffs, mainly made of fractured volcanic tuff and pyroclastic deposits. Progressive fracturing and deformation of rocks can lead to hazardous sudden slope failures on coastal cliffs. Among the triggering mechanisms, the most relevant are related to meteorological factors, such as precipitation and thermal expansion due to solar heating of rock surfaces. In this paper, we present a database of measurement time series taken over a period of ∼4 years (December 2014–October 2018) for the deformations of selected tuff blocks in the Coroglio coastal cliff. The monitoring system is implemented on five unstable tuff blocks and is formed by nine crackmeters and two tiltmeters equipped with internal thermometers. The system is coupled with a total weather station, measuring rain, temperature, wind and atmospheric pressure and operating from January 2014 up to December 2018. Measurement frequencies of 10 and 30 min have been set for meteorological and deformation sensors respectively. The aim of the measurements is to assess the magnitude and temporal pattern of rock block deformations (fracture opening and block movements) before block failure and their correlation with selected meteorological parameters. The results of a multivariate statistical analysis of the measured time series suggest a close correlation between temperature and deformation trends. The recognized cyclic, sinusoidal changes in the width (opening–closing) of fractures and tuff block rotations are ostensibly linked to multiscale (i.e., daily, seasonal and annual) temperature variations. Some trends of cumulative multi-temporal changes have also been recognized. The full databases are freely available online at: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.896000 (Matano et al., 2018) and https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899562 (Fortelli et al., 2019).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Integrated dataset of deformation measurements in fractured volcanic tuff and meteorological data (Coroglio coastal cliff, Naples, Italy)

Matano

Caccavale

Esposito

et al. 2020

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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“…Diffused dm-scale vesicles and vacuoles due to differential erosion, markedly controlled by the bedding of the pyroclastic deposits, characterize the TTR rockface. These forms are typically related to the weathering due to salty seawater and wind erosion (Ietto et al, 2015).…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated dataset of deformation measurements in fractured volcanic tuff and meteorological data (Coroglio coastal cliff, Naples, Italy)

Matano¹,

Caccavale²,

Esposito³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Along the coastline of the Campi Flegrei volcanic district, near Naples (Italy), severe retreat processes affect a large part of the coastal cliffs, mainly made of fractured volcanic tuff and pyroclastic deposits. Progressive fracturing and deformation of rocks can lead to hazardous sudden slope failures on coastal cliffs. Among the triggering mechanisms, the most relevant are related to meteorological factors, such as precipitation, freezing conditions, and thermal expansion due to solar heating of rock surfaces. In this paper, we present a database of measurement time series taken over a period of ∼ 4 years (Dec 2014–Oct 2018), referred to the deformations of selected tuff blocks in the Coroglio coastal cliff. The monitoring system is implemented on five unstable tuff blocks and is formed by nine crackmeters and two tiltmeters equipped with internal thermometers. The system is coupled with a total weather station, measuring rain, temperature, wind and atmospheric pressure operating since January 2014 up to Dec 2018. A measurement frequency of 10 and 30 minutes has been respectively set for meteorological and deformation sensors. The aim of the measurements is to assess the magnitude and temporal pattern of rock block deformations (fracture opening and block movements) before block failure and their correlation with selected meteorological parameters. The results of a multivariate statistical analysis of the measured time series suggest a close correlation between temperature and deformation trends. The recognized cyclic, sinusoidal changes in the width (opening/closing) of fractures and tuff blocks rotations are ostensibly linked to multiscale (i.e. daily, seasonal and annual) temperature variations. Some trends of cumulative multi-temporal changes have been also recognized. The full databases are freely available online at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.896000 (Matano et al., 2018) and https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899562 (Fortelli et al., 2019).

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“…The weathering processes occur in diverse ways for different rock types, and landslide behaviors vary accordingly. In granite areas, landslides are mostly shallow landslides of weathered granite (Calcaterra, Parise, & Dattola, 1996; Chigira, 2001; Ietto, Perri, & Cella, 2018a); pelitic metamorphic rocks often experience long‐term deformation due to gravity (Chigira, 1992; Crosta, Frattini, & Agliardi, 2013; Zischinsky, 1966), while in volcanic tuff rocks, the landslide phenomena are usually triggered by weathering processes that could create alveolar forms through the crystallization of soluble salts (Ietto, Perri, & Filomena, 2015; Nishiyama, Yokota, Hasegawa, & Kanbara, 2017; Yokota, Takehara, Satou, Sakata, & Nishiyama, 2012). Marine sedimentary rocks, which are the target of this study, have very different weathering mechanisms from other rocks, as described later.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of fossil seawater and its role in Neogene sedimentary rock landslides in Niigata, eastern marginal region of the Japan Sea

et al. 2020

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The Neogene marine sedimentary rock area in the eastern marginal region of the Japan Sea is an area with some of the highest landslide densities in Japan. Some of the landslides in this area have been known to involve saline groundwater, which can be the cause of these landslides. In order to demonstrate the relationships between landslides and saline water, topographic, geological, groundwater, and electromagnetic surveys were performed in the eastern marginal region of the Japan Sea. Many landslides and gravitational slope deformations with linear depressions and small scarps were recognized in the study area. The resistivity profile obtained by an electromagnetic survey suggests that there is a wide zonal distribution of saline water with salt concentrations equivalent to seawater at depths of 50-100 m or more and that the groundwater shallower than 50 m has an electrical conductivity of less than 100 mS/m. The shallow resistive groundwater is inferred to be meteoric water that replaced the saline groundwater, which likely weakened the bedrock, resulting in landslides. A ridge of competent tuff overlying mudstone has many linear depressions from gravitational slope deformation and low-resistivity water to a depth of 600 m, which suggests that the mudstone was weakened by water replacement and deformed under the tuff caprock. The saline groundwater is inferred to be fossil seawater trapped in pores during sediment deposition, which is brought near the ground surface along with rocks by tectonic movement in the hills. Thus, the saline water and its fresh water replacement are among the important basic causes of the landslides. The oil well data obtained in the eastern marginal region of the Japan Sea suggest that such saline water replacement has occurred widely and that replacement is likely one of the predispositions for the frequent landslides there. K E Y W O R D S eastern marginal region of the Japan Sea, fossil seawater, landslide, Neogene sedimentary rock 1 | INTRODUCTION Landslides occur in various ways depending on geology and environment (Hungr, Leroueil, & Picarelli, 2014; Varnes, 1978). Rock weathering is one of the major causes of landslides because it produces a considerable decay of the physical-mechanical properties of the original rock, predisposing the slope to instability processes

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Weathering processes in volcanic tuff rocks of the "Rupe di Coroglio" (Naples, southern Italy): erosion-rate estimation and weathering forms

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Integrated dataset of deformation measurements in fractured volcanic tuff and meteorological data (Coroglio coastal cliff, Naples, Italy)

Integrated dataset of deformation measurements in fractured volcanic tuff and meteorological data (Coroglio coastal cliff, Naples, Italy)

Integrated dataset of deformation measurements in fractured volcanic tuff and meteorological data (Coroglio coastal cliff, Naples, Italy)

Distribution of fossil seawater and its role in Neogene sedimentary rock landslides in Niigata, eastern marginal region of the Japan Sea

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