Weathering grade of rock masses as a predisposing factor to slope instabilities: Reconnaissance and control procedures

Borrelli, Luigi; Greco, Roberto; Gullà, Giovanni

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.03.031

Cited by 97 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Beyond that, due to continuous activity in the atmosphere and within the earth, some degree of alteration will have continued to occur up to the present day. Other assessments, of rock grade and slope instability, elsewhere, have shown that weathering is a predisposition factor in natural slope instability [3]. Of the greatest interest, in this paper, is the weathering which causes changes in mined or cut slopes which form part of open pits, open casts and other surface mining excavations.…”

Section: Concept Of Weatheringmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Coupled with the great variations in temperature from just above freezing in the winter (7 0 C) in the night to just above 35 0 C during hot days, significant changes in temperature, water and air in slopes is normal in mined slopes. Under such conditions, weathering is to be expected, and has been noted from observations of component materials in weathered slopes, varying from weathering grade I (mostly) to VII (for some slopes), dependent on the location, length of exposure and lithology [3,4]. At the mine site, weathering in mined slopes varied from imperceptible in strong siliceous/quartzitic rock to very pronounced in some areas, and sometimes, even within the same slope, especially those of mixed lithology, without a proven timescale as to pre-or post-mining.…”

Section: Weathering At Studied Mine Sitementioning

confidence: 97%

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Weathering and its Potential Effect on Mine Slope Factor of Safety

Chakufola¹,

Samuel²,

K³

2017

IOSR JAGG

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Section: Concept Of Weatheringmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Weathering At Studied Mine Sitementioning

confidence: 97%

Weathering and its Potential Effect on Mine Slope Factor of Safety

Chakufola¹,

Samuel²,

K³

2017

IOSR JAGG

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“…the tensile strength of the large-scale rock material or incipient joint (expressed in force units) F LC Measured force (kN) using load cell F LCA and F LCB Measured force (kN) using load cell A and load cell B, respectively F PR Measured force (kN) using proving ring ETF (t) The total expansive tensile force (kN) perpendicular to the splitting plane from expansive grout tensile strength (following the definition of ISRM [17]), in response to temperature and insolation [5], precipitation [39], weathering [4,[11][12][13], seismic loading [7] and mechanical breakage. Figure 1a shows a piece of finegrained sandstone core containing many incipient rock joint traces that were not fully developed, due to the presence of rock bridges having considerable tensile strength.…”

Section: List Of Symbols F D(t)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile strength of large-scale incipient rock joints: a laboratory investigation

et al. 2017

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In this paper, a testing methodology was developed in the laboratory to measure the tensile strength of large-scale incipient rock joints. In the test, an expansive grout was used to develop the tensile force. Each test comprises two phases: Phase i test and Phase ii test. The Phase i test identified sample failure time, while the Phase ii test measured the corresponding tensile force arising from the expansive grout. Ostensibly homogeneous rock samples without incipient joints were firstly tested to establish the methodology. Tensile strength of block samples containing incipient rock joints was then measured using the established testing scheme. The test results have been compared with those obtained from conventional Brazilian and uniaxial tension tests as suggested by ISRM. The proposed approach is capable of giving a measure of tensile strength of large-scale incipient rock joints, although somewhat smaller strength than that from the standard approaches was occasionally measured in the preliminary tests on ostensibly homogeneous samples. Effects of stress concentration, sample scale, loading rate and expansive tensile force on the testing results were discussed. Furthermore, this simple and practical testing scheme is proposed for the measurement of the in situ tensile strength of rock and incipient discontinuities in the field, which if successful will provide a more scientific guidance on the rock mass classification and engineering design.

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“…within the Czech Re pub lic; B -study area within the Èeské støedohoøí Mts. ; C -NE view on the Èertovka land slide; study area de lim its wider sur round ings of the land slide, which was sub jected to the study of struc tural set ting Grelle et al, 2011), con sid er ations on in ter ac tions be tween topog ra phy and bed ding planes (Roering et al, 2005), in situ meth ods, such as Geo log i cal Strength In dex (GSI; Marinos and Hoek, 2000) and in tact strength mea sure ments (Borrelli et al, 2006) as well as lab o ra tory meth ods (ISRM, 1978;ASTM, 1987). In the Czech Re pub lic, much of the re search on structural set ting of land slides and slope evo lu tion has been car ried out in the bor der moun tain ranges (e.g., Klimeš, 2002;Margielewski, 2006;Hartvich and Mentlík, 2010;Pánek et al, 2011), em ploy ing both lithological anal y ses and geo phys i cal sur veys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural setting of the Čertovka landslide (Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic): morphostructural analysis and electrical resistivity tomography

Raška

Hartvich

Cajz

et al. 2013

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The Èertovka land slide at Vaòov south of Ústí nad Labem, Czech Re pub lic, is de vel oped in a steep slope of the Labe River val ley (LRV). A ma jor ep i sode of landsliding oc curred in the first months of 1995, and the slope at Vaòov has been sub jected to geo log i cal and geomorphological in ves ti ga tion since then. This pa per pres ents the struc tural set ting of the Èertovka landslide based on the lat est geo log i cal sur vey, de tailed geomorphological map ping, morphostructural anal y sis and re sults of elec tri cal re sis tiv ity to mog ra phy. The land slide was found to be ini ti ated at the bound ary be tween Late Eocene to Oligocene ba saltic lavas above and volcaniclastics be low, with bed ding dip ping against the slope (anaclinal slope). The un der ly ing volcaniclastics show ten dency to argillization and have a much lower rock strength, which acts as an im por tant fac tor of slope in sta bil ity at the site. The Èertovka land slide is a com plex slope de for ma tion con sist ing of sev eral land slides and flowslides, with boul der streams merg ing into a boul der ac cu mu la tion fur ther downslope. The headscarp area of the landslide de vel oped at one of the struc tural lev els built by ba saltic lavas and form ing step-like mor phol ogy of the val ley slope. The headscarp co in cides with the course of a re gional E-W-strik ing Vaòov Fault that un der went mul ti ple tec tonic his tory and is as so ci ated with a dense frac ture sys tem in clud ing smooth slick en sides on the headscarp. Struc tural ob ser va tions com bined with de tailed knowl edge of the anat omy of the land slide based on air borne data, sur face data and geo phys i cal data per mit ted to con clude on struc tural con trols of landsliding and to pre dict fu ture evo lu tion of the slope de for ma tion. Fu ture landsliding will be ini ti ated at struc tural lev els of ba saltic rocks, with the headscarps de vel oped along frac tures par al lel to the Vaòov Fault. The prob a ble grad ual re treat of headscarps at the in di vid ual struc tural lev els along the slope pro file de notes a ret rogres sive land slide style.

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Weathering grade of rock masses as a predisposing factor to slope instabilities: Reconnaissance and control procedures

Cited by 97 publications

References 17 publications

Weathering and its Potential Effect on Mine Slope Factor of Safety

Weathering and its Potential Effect on Mine Slope Factor of Safety

Tensile strength of large-scale incipient rock joints: a laboratory investigation

Structural setting of the Čertovka landslide (Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic): morphostructural analysis and electrical resistivity tomography

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