Weathering and evolution of soils formed on granitic, glacial deposits: results from chronosequences of Swiss alpine environments

Egli, Markus; Fitze, P.; Mirabella, Aldo

doi:10.1016/s0341-8162(01)00138-2

Cited by 185 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The C and N contents are also in the range of those reported for alpine soils in Utah, USA (up to 16% C and 1.3% N) (Bockheim and Koerner 1997), British Columbia, Canada (13.2% C and 0.82% N) (van Ryswyk and Okazaki 1979) and in Valais, Switzerland (38% and 1.8% N) (Egli et al 2001). Importantly, the C and N contents of the soils investigated here are clearly higher than those typical for most soils in Australia (Williams and Steinbergs 1958;Bui and Henderson 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

The composition of organic phosphorus in soils of the Snowy Mountains region of south-eastern Australia

2017

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Abstract. Few studies have considered the influence of climate on organic phosphorus (P) speciation in soils. We used sodium hydroxide-ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (NaOH-EDTA) soil extractions and solution 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate the soil P composition of five alpine and sub-alpine soils. The aim was to compare the P speciation of this set of soils with those of soils typically reported in the literature from other cold and wet locations, as well as those of other Australian soils from warmer and drier environments. For all alpine and sub-alpine soils, the majority of P detected was in an organic form (54-66% of total NaOH-EDTA extractable P). Phosphomonoesters comprised the largest pool of extractable organic P (83-100%) with prominent peaks assigned to myo-and scyllo-inositol hexakisphosphate (IP 6 ), although trace amounts of the neo-and D-chiro-IP 6 stereoisomers were also present. Phosphonates were identified in the soils from the coldest and wettest locations; a-and b-glycerophosphate and mononucleotides were minor components of organic P in all soils. The composition of organic P in these soils contrasts with that reported previously for Australian soils from warm, dry environments where inositol phosphate (IP 6 ) peaks were less dominant or absent and humic-P and a-and b-glycerophosphate were proportionally larger components of organic P. Instead, the soil organic P composition exhibited similarities to soils from other cold, wet environments. This provides preliminary evidence that climate is a key driver in the variation of organic P speciation in soils.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

The composition of organic phosphorus in soils of the Snowy Mountains region of south-eastern Australia

2017

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“…These are typical values for alpine soils on a moraine type substratum (Egli et al 2001). All investigated soils have a sandy to silty-sandy texture.…”

Section: Chemical Composition and Physical Characteristics Of The Soilssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Preweathered sediments containing already organic material (having an age between 8370-9073 cal BP) were deposited on top of the original soil ( Figure 2, Table 5). According to previous studies (Egli et al 2001), the formation and development of podzolization features at this altitude takes at least 1000-3000 yr. Typical podzolization features did not develop in these 2600-yr-old slope deposits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Combination of Numerical Dating Techniques Using¹⁰Be in Rock Boulders and¹⁴C of Resilient Soil Organic Matter for Reconstructing the Chronology of Glacial and Periglacial Processes in a High Alpine Catchment during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene

et al. 2009

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ABSTRACT. Glacier fluctuations and paleoclimatic oscillations during the Late Quaternary in Val di Rabbi (Trentino, northern Italy) were reconstructed using a combination of absolute dating techniques ( 14 C and 10 Be) and soil chemical characterization. Extraction and dating of the stable fraction of soil organic matter (SOM) gave valuable information about the minimum age of soil formation and contributed to the deciphering of geomorphic surface dynamics. The comparison of 10 Be surface exposure dating (SED) of rock surfaces with the 14 C ages of resilient (resistant to H 2 O 2 oxidation) soil organic matter gave a fairly good agreement, but with some questionable aspects. It is concluded that, applied with adequate carefulness, dating of SOM with 14 C might be a useful tool in reconstructing landscape history in high Alpine areas with siliceous parent material. The combination of 14 C dating of SOM with SED with cosmogenic 10 Be (on moraines and erratic boulders) indicated that deglaciation processes in Val di Rabbi were already ongoing by around 14,000 cal BP at an altitude of 2300 m asl and that glacier oscillations might have affected the higher part of the region until about 9000 cal BP. 10 Be and 14 C ages correlate well with the altitude of the sampling sites and with the established Lateglacial chronology.

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“…The soil "Igls Plans" is more weathered than soil "Peidra Mora" and shows relative element losses that are close to soils that developed over post-Egesen time [60,61,64,65]. The soil "Peidra Mora" shows typical weathering rates of a soil that must have an age of < 10 ky [60,61].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…10) was higher at the site "Igls Plans". The weathering status of the soil "Igls Plans" is typical for Alpine soils which have developed over the entire postEgesan period [60,61].…”

Section: Soils and Weathering Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combination of Relative-Numerical Dating Methods Indicates Two High Alpine Rock Glacier Activity Phases After the Glacier Advance of the Younger Dryas

Böhlert

Compeer

Egli

et al. 2011

TOGEOGJ

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To exploit the potential of rock glaciers as indicators of past climate condition it is first necessary to date them. The combined application of both relative and absolute dating techniques is a promising approach. In this study, we present Schmidt-hammer rebound value measurements and weathering rind thicknesses on four active and one relict rock glacier in the Albula area of the eastern Swiss Alps. Associated landforms such as the moraines in front of rock glaciers and glacially polished bedrock also were used to set up the temporal framework. This was done using soil chemical analyses, radiocarbon dating of the stable fraction of soil organic matter and surface exposure dating of boulders. Schmidt-hammer and weathering rind measurements showed, in most cases, well-pronounced trends with increasing surface ages. These values are in line with measurements from other nearby rock glaciers with comparable lithologies. Use of this information together with the numeric ages makes it possible to derive two main activity phases: one started soon after the ice retreat following the Younger Dryas, the main activity occurred most likely in the early Holocene and lasted approximately until the Holocene climate optimum. The second activity phase continues today and had an unclear start between 10 to 6 cal ky BP. Abstract: To exploit the potential of rock glaciers as indicators of past climate condition it is first necessary to date them. The combined application of both relative and absolute dating techniques is a promising approach. In this study, we present Schmidt-hammer rebound value measurements and weathering rind thicknesses on four active and one relict rock glacier in the Albula area of the eastern Swiss Alps. Associated landforms such as the moraines in front of rock glaciers and glacially polished bedrock also were used to set up the temporal framework. This was done using soil chemical analyses, radiocarbon dating of the stable fraction of soil organic matter and surface exposure dating of boulders. Schmidt-hammer and weathering rind measurements showed, in most cases, well-pronounced trends with increasing surface ages. These values are in line with measurements from other nearby rock glaciers with comparable lithologies. Use of this information together with the numeric ages makes it possible to derive two main activity phases: one started soon after the ice retreat following the Younger Dryas, the main activity occurred most likely in the early Holocene and lasted approximately until the Holocene climate optimum. The second activity phase continues today and had an unclear start between 10 to 6 cal ky BP.

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Weathering and evolution of soils formed on granitic, glacial deposits: results from chronosequences of Swiss alpine environments

Cited by 185 publications

References 26 publications

The composition of organic phosphorus in soils of the Snowy Mountains region of south-eastern Australia

The composition of organic phosphorus in soils of the Snowy Mountains region of south-eastern Australia

Combination of Numerical Dating Techniques Using¹⁰Be in Rock Boulders and¹⁴C of Resilient Soil Organic Matter for Reconstructing the Chronology of Glacial and Periglacial Processes in a High Alpine Catchment during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene

A Combination of Relative-Numerical Dating Methods Indicates Two High Alpine Rock Glacier Activity Phases After the Glacier Advance of the Younger Dryas

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Weathering and evolution of soils formed on granitic, glacial deposits: results from chronosequences of Swiss alpine environments

Cited by 185 publications

References 26 publications

The composition of organic phosphorus in soils of the Snowy Mountains region of south-eastern Australia

The composition of organic phosphorus in soils of the Snowy Mountains region of south-eastern Australia

Combination of Numerical Dating Techniques Using10Be in Rock Boulders and14C of Resilient Soil Organic Matter for Reconstructing the Chronology of Glacial and Periglacial Processes in a High Alpine Catchment during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene

A Combination of Relative-Numerical Dating Methods Indicates Two High Alpine Rock Glacier Activity Phases After the Glacier Advance of the Younger Dryas

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Combination of Numerical Dating Techniques Using¹⁰Be in Rock Boulders and¹⁴C of Resilient Soil Organic Matter for Reconstructing the Chronology of Glacial and Periglacial Processes in a High Alpine Catchment during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene