Weather and the grass pollen content of the air

Davies, R. R.; Smith, L.P.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.1974.tb01367.x

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Our results provide evidence that increased respiratory risks during hot weather are not explained solely by increases in air pollution concentration-associations between heat and respiratory hospitalizations were almost unchanged with adjustment for pollutants. Pollen and mold concentrations have also been linked to both outdoor heat (25,26) and respiratory health (27,28). Nationally representative data for these aeroallergens were not available to definitively address this question in the current study (29), but future research could investigate this pathway for heat effects at the community or regional level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Heat-related Emergency Hospitalizations for Respiratory Diseases in the Medicare Population

Anderson¹,

Dominici

Wang

et al. 2013

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

203

168

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Rationale: The heat-related risk of hospitalization for respiratory diseases among the elderly has not been quantified in the United States on a national scale. With climate change predictions of more frequent and more intense heat waves, it is of paramount importance to quantify the health risks related to heat, especially for the most vulnerable. Objectives: To estimate the risk of hospitalization for respiratory diseases associated with outdoor heat in the U.S. elderly. Methods: An observational study of approximately 12.5 million Medicare beneficiaries in 213 United States counties, January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2008. We estimate a national average relative risk of hospitalization for each 10 8 F (5.6 8 C) increase in daily outdoor temperature using Bayesian hierarchical models. Measurements and Main Results: We obtained daily county-level rates of Medicare emergency respiratory hospitalizations (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision,(464)(465)(466)(480)(481)(482)(483)(484)(485)(486)(487)(490)(491)(492) in 213 U.S. counties from 1999 through 2008. Overall, each 10 8 F increase in daily temperature was associated with a 4.3% increase in same-day emergency hospitalizations for respiratory diseases (95% posterior interval, 3.8, 4.8%). Counties' relative risks were significantly higher in counties with cooler average summer temperatures. Conclusions: We found strong evidence of an association between outdoor heat and respiratory hospitalizations in the largest population of elderly studied to date. Given projections of increasing temperatures from climate change and the increasing global prevalence of chronic pulmonary disease, the relationship between heat and respiratory morbidity is a growing concern.Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; hospitalization; hot temperature; respiratory tract infections; weatherOutdoor heat can cause spikes in respiratory deaths (1, 2), but considerably less is known about heat's impacts on respiratory morbidity. Given that: (1) climate change will increase exposure to extreme heat (3), (2) the prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases is increasing (4), and (3) the elderly will likely be most affected by heat-related problems (5), there is a pressing need to improve our understanding of respiratory heat effects among the elderly for both fatal and nonfatal outcomes.There are two major limitations to current research on the relationship between heat and respiratory hospitalizations. First, this relationship has not been adequately studied worldwide to confidently identify a consistent link between respiratory hospitalizations and heat. The few studies that have investigated heat and respiratory hospitalizations have found somewhat conflicting results (6). For example, studies of Brisbane, Australia (7,8) and Athens, Greece (9) found hospitalization rates decreased slightly during hot weather, whereas studies of California (10, 11), New York (12, 13), and 12 European cities (14) found respiratory hospitalizations increased with heat. Although a me...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Heat-related Emergency Hospitalizations for Respiratory Diseases in the Medicare Population

Anderson¹,

Dominici

Wang

et al. 2013

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

203

168

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“…The greatest drop was in the 1960s, when the adoption of silage, reseeding to ryegrass leys and more intensive grassland management were starting to have an impact, particularly on dairy farms and mixed grass-arable farms. The corresponding figures for July pollen show no significant change in that period (Davies & Smith 1973).…”

Section: Implications For Pollen Production and Hay Fevermentioning

confidence: 86%

Changing grassland utilization in the united kingdom and its implications for pollen production and hay fever

Hopkins

Davies

1994

Grana

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Davies, R. R. 1994. Changing grassland utilization in the United Kingdom and its implications for pollen production and hay fever. -Grana 33: 71-75. ISSN 0017-3134.Grasses form the most important source of airborne pollen in the United Kingdom. This article reviews the ecological, geographical and historical features of grassland utilization relevant to pollen production. During the past half century extensite agricultural management, with botanically diverse swards and late (post anthesis) mowing for hay, has been progressively replaced by more intensive management with more reliance on Lolirmi pereririe and early mowing for silage. The role of DactJlis glortrernta and Plileirriz praterise has declined. A decrease in the June pollen catch supports the hypothesis that these changes have affected the quantities of pollen released. Incidence of hay fever shows geographical variation with climate, topography and vegetation type. Recent policy changes intended to decrease agricultural production and to meet environmental objectives may, in future, further affect the types and quantities of pollen produccd.

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“…We are aware of course that pollen quantities and the pollination period can differ from one year to another owing to changes in meteorological factors. Rainfall, humidity, temperature, light intensity, hours of sunshine, wind speed and direction are very important factors in determining both production and dispersal of pollen (Hirst, 1953;Davies and Smith, 1973;Edmonds, 1979;McDonald, 1980). In order to ascertain the reliability of our data, we have compared our pollen calendar with other calendars based on observations carried out for longer periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pollen Calendar for Siena (Central Italy): Preliminary Data*

Murgia¹,

Dominicis²,

Cresti³

et al. 1982

New Phytologist

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SUMMARY A preliminary investigation on airborne pollen in Siena was carried out for 1978 using a Burkard trap. For each day pollen grains were counted according to family and expressed in number of grains trapped per m3 of air. The highest concentrations of airborne pollen grains occur in March with the Cupressaceae, Corylaceae, Butulaceae, Salicaceae and in May‐July with the Poaceae, Pinaceae, Urticaceae, Fagaceae and Oleaceae.

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Weather and the grass pollen content of the air

Cited by 42 publications

References 6 publications

Heat-related Emergency Hospitalizations for Respiratory Diseases in the Medicare Population

Heat-related Emergency Hospitalizations for Respiratory Diseases in the Medicare Population

Changing grassland utilization in the united kingdom and its implications for pollen production and hay fever

A Pollen Calendar for Siena (Central Italy): Preliminary Data*

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