Wearing a N95 mask increases rescuer's fatigue and decreases chest compression quality in simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Tian, Yu; Tu, Xiaopeng; Zhou, Xianlong; Yu, Jiangtao; Si, Luo; Ma, Liping; Liu, Chang; Zhao, Yan; Jin, Xiaoqing

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2020.05.065

Cited by 48 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Experimental studies reported that the heart rate, wall tension and contractility (or the velocity of contraction) are considered the major factors of myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO 2 ). Wearing an PFM has a high impact on the cardiopulmonary resuscitation efficacity, in fact it increases rescuer’s fatigue and reduces chest compression with more stringent requirements on the depth and frequency, thus compromising the rescue maneuvers [ 42 ]. N95 produces more rescuer’s fatigue during chest compression due to differences in vital signs including, respiration rate, mean heart rate, oxygen saturation and arterial pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Face Masks: Effect on the Oxygenation and Heart Rate Status of Oral Surgeons during Surgery

Scarano

Inchingolo

Rapone

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Safety in medical work requires eye protection, such as glasses, and protective facial masks (PFM) during clinical practice to prevent viral respiratory infections. The use of facial masks and other full personal protective equipment increases air flow resistance, facial skin temperature and physical discomfort. The aim of the present study was to measure surgeons’ oxygenation status and discomfort before and after their daily routine activities of oral interventions. Methods: 10 male voluntary dentists, specializing in oral surgery, and 10 male voluntary doctors in dentistry, participating in master’s courses in oral surgery in the Department of Oral Surgery of the University of Chieti, with mean age 29 ± 6 (27–35), were enrolled. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of wearing a PFM on oxygenation status while the oral surgeons were actively working. Disposable sterile one-way surgical paper masks (Surgical Face Mask, Euronda, Italy) and FFP2 (Surgical Face Mask, Euronda, Italy) were used and the mask position covering the nose did not vary during the procedures. The FFP2 was covered by a surgical mask during surgical treatment. A pulse oximeter was used to measure the blood oximetry saturation during the study. Results: In all 20 surgeons wearing FFP2 covered by surgical masks, a reduction in arterial O2 saturation from around 97.5% before surgery to 94% after surgery was recorded with increase of heart rates. A shortness of breath and light-headedness/headaches were also noted. Conclusions: In conclusion, wearing an FFP2 covered by a surgical mask induces a reduction in circulating O2 concentrations without clinical relevance, while an increase of heart frequency and a sensation of shortness of breath, light-headedness/headaches were recorded.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Face Masks: Effect on the Oxygenation and Heart Rate Status of Oral Surgeons during Surgery

Scarano

Inchingolo

Rapone

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Of equal importance is the procedure to be followed when doffing the PPE, as errors are associated with a potential risk of infection. Simulation of donning and doffing can improve safety in handling [ 75 , 12 ], as can a “buddy system” with checklists followed by a specialized supervisor for donning and doffing PPE [ 12 , 13 ]. At the very least, supervision of the removal process should be introduced, and proper hand hygiene after removal is mandatory [ 29 ].…”

Section: Personal Protective Equipment (Ppe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical recommendations for in-hospital airway management during aerosol-transmitting procedures in the setting of a viral pandemic

Fuchs

Lanzi

Beilstein

et al. 2021

Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), can lead to severe pneumonia and multi-organ failure. While most of the infected patients develop no or only mild symptoms, some need respiratory support or even invasive ventilation. The exact route of transmission is currently under investigation. While droplet exposure and direct contact seem to be the most significant ways of transmitting the disease, aerosol transmission appears to be possible under circumstances favored by high viral load. Despite the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), this situation potentially puts healthcare workers at risk of infection, especially if they are involved in airway management. Various recommendations and international guidelines aim to protect healthcare workers, although evidence-based research confirming the benefits of these approaches is still scarce. In this article, we summarize the current literature and recommendations for airway management of COVID-19 patients.

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“…The observation of the rough surface with different crystallites of (101) and (002) planes, is the consequence of such growth process. Now it is well established that in ZnO crystals the surface energy (per mole) varies with direction as γ[0001]˂ γ [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] ˂ γ[10-10] [61]. Hence, the growth of (002) plane along [0001] direction is highly favourable from thermodynamic point of view.…”

Section: Designing Of Natural Cotton Fabric Functionalized With Zno Nanoflower Featuring Flat Sheet-like Petalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some evidences suggest that commonly available N95 face masks can lead to changes in blood oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels when used for long periods, especially by people who are elderly, obese or have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [10][11][12][13][14]. Other adverse health effects range from increased blood pressure, increased heart rate, chest pain, and hypercapnia [15][16][17][18][19]. One of the feasible solution to this problem is by covering the valve or vent with a porous filter that can either trap or kill the microorganisms including viruses, alongside allow the air to flow across.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoceutical Fabric Prevents COVID-19 Spread through Expelled Respiratory Droplets: A Combined Computational, Spectroscopic and Anti-microbial Study

Adhikari

Pal

Bayan

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) warns the use of one-way valves or vents in free masks for potential threat of spreading COVID-19 through expelled respiratory droplets. Here, we have developed a nanoceutical cotton fabric duly sensitized with non-toxic zinc oxide nanomaterial for potential use as membrane filter in the one way valve for the ease of breathing without the threat of COVID-19 spreading. A detailed computational study revealed that zinc oxide nanoflowers (ZnO NF) with almost two-dimensional petals trap SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, responsible to attach to ACE-2 receptors in human lung epithelial cells. The study also confirm significant denaturation of the spike proteins on the ZnO surface, revealing removal of virus upon efficient trapping. Following the computational study, we have synthesized ZnO NF on cotton matrix using hydrothermal assisted strategy. Electron microscopic, steady-state and picosecond resolved spectroscopic studies confirm attachment of ZnO NF to the cotton (i.e., cellulose) matrix at atomic level to develop the nanoceutical fabric. A detailed antimicrobial assay using Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria (model SARS-CoV-2 mimic) reveals excellent anti-microbial efficiency of the developed nanoceutical fabric. To our understanding the novel nanoceutical fabric used in one-way valve of a face mask would be the choice to assure breathing comfort along with source control of COVID-19 infection. The developed nanosensitized cloth can also be used as antibacterial/anti CoV-2 washable dress material in general.

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Wearing a N95 mask increases rescuer's fatigue and decreases chest compression quality in simulated cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Cited by 48 publications

References 16 publications

Protective Face Masks: Effect on the Oxygenation and Heart Rate Status of Oral Surgeons during Surgery

Protective Face Masks: Effect on the Oxygenation and Heart Rate Status of Oral Surgeons during Surgery

Clinical recommendations for in-hospital airway management during aerosol-transmitting procedures in the setting of a viral pandemic

Nanoceutical Fabric Prevents COVID-19 Spread through Expelled Respiratory Droplets: A Combined Computational, Spectroscopic and Anti-microbial Study

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