Wearable skin-like optoelectronic systems with suppression of motion artifacts for cuff-less continuous blood pressure monitor

Abstract

According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, an estimated 17.9 million people die from cardiovascular diseases each year, representing 31% of all global deaths. Continuous non-invasive arterial pressure (CNAP) is essential for the management of cardiovascular diseases. However, it is difficult to achieve long-term CNAP monitoring with the daily use of current devices due to irritation of the skin as well as the lack of motion artifacts suppression. Here, we report a high-performance skin-like optoelectronic system integrated with ultra-thin flexible circuits to monitor CNAP. We introduce a theoretical model via the virtual work principle for predicting the precise blood pressure and suppressing motion artifacts, and propose optical difference in the frequency domain for stable optical measurements in terms of skin-like devices. We compare the results with the blood pressure acquired by invasive (intra-arterial) blood pressure monitoring for >1500 min in total on 44 subjects in an intensive care unit. The maximum absolute errors of diastolic and systolic blood pressure were ±7/±10 mm Hg, respectively, in immobilized, and ±10/±14 mm Hg, respectively, in walking scenarios. These strategies provide advanced blood pressure monitoring techniques, which would directly address an unmet clinical need or daily use for a highly vulnerable population.

Wearable Sensing and Telehealth Technology with Potential Applications in the Coronavirus Pandemic

“…Twenty-four hour unobtrusive continuous BP monitoring can be equipped with flexible sensing, which may use a single skinlike patch [129,130], or even a skin-like sensor that can also potentially address the issue of motion artefact [131]. Alternatively, a ring-typed device [132] provides a promising approach for long-term continuous monitoring due to its small size.…”

“…8. Wearable/unobtrusive BP monitoring platforms with realization in daily objects: (a) BP watch [121], (b) BP eyeglasses [123], (c) flexible BP patch [129], (d) BP shirt [126], (e) wearable skin-like BP patch [131], (f) ultrasonic BP patch [114], (g) BP chair [128], (h) BP camera [138], and (i) BP sleeping bed [127].…”

The Rise of Wearable Devices during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review

“…Hence, continuous and remote monitoring of BP in real time may help to prevent sudden events and reduce the possibility of cross-contamination. Some of the unobtrusive BP-monitoring wearables proposed are BP watches [ 52 ], BP eyeglasses [ 53 ], flexible BP patches [ 54 ], BP shirts [ 55 ], and wearable skin-like BP patches [ 56 ]. Although the research on continuous and unobtrusive monitoring is much more advanced, there are still some obstacles that need to be overcome, especially the accuracy when tracking responses to medications.…”

Study on Direct Writing of Gallium Metal for the Flexible Sensor

“…Flexible sensors, due to the flexibility, short response time, high sensitivity, and features of sensing the force on the surface of objects, have drawn extensive attention [1]. Flexible sensors have a wide range of applications in wearable sensors [2][3][4][5], health monitoring devices [6][7][8][9][10][11], and soft robotics [12,13]. For instance, Marques et al designed and developed a muscular monitoring patch, which has further development of multilayer biomonitoring applications [5].…”