Wearable Multisensor Ring-Shaped Probe for Assessing Stress and Blood Oxygenation: Design and Preliminary Measurements

Abstract

The increasing interest in innovative solutions for health and physiological monitoring has recently fostered the development of smaller biomedical devices. These devices are capable of recording an increasingly large number of biosignals simultaneously, while maximizing the user’s comfort. In this study, we have designed and realized a novel wearable multisensor ring-shaped probe that enables synchronous, real-time acquisition of photoplethysmographic (PPG) and galvanic skin response (GSR) signals. The device integrates both the PPG and GSR sensors onto a single probe that can be easily placed on the finger, thereby minimizing the device footprint and overall size. The system enables the extraction of various physiological indices, including heart rate (HR) and its variability, oxygen saturation (SpO2), and GSR levels, as well as their dynamic changes over time, to facilitate the detection of different physiological states, e.g., rest and stress. After a preliminary SpO2 calibration procedure, measurements have been carried out in laboratory on healthy subjects to demonstrate the feasibility of using our system to detect rapid changes in HR, skin conductance, and SpO2 across various physiological conditions (i.e., rest, sudden stress-like situation and breath holding). The early findings encourage the use of the device in daily-life conditions for real-time monitoring of different physiological states.

Application of remote monitoring of biosignals and geolocation with a Wearable for patients with sequelae of the coronavirus

“…An ESP32 microcontroller featuring a low-cost, low-power 32-bit system on chip (SoC), operating an ESPRESSIF-ESP32 chipset 240 MHz Xtensa® single/dual-core 32-bit LX6 microprocessor, with 4 MB quad serial peripheral interface (QSPI) flash, 520 kB static random access memory (SRAM), Bluetooth v4.2 and wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) connectivity, operates with a voltage between 2.5 V and 3.6 V, this microcontroller is of Chinese origin [14], as can be seen in Figure 1(a). A Max30102 consisting of an optical module of 5.6 mm×3.3 mm×1.55 mm of 14 and with double wavelength LEDs, that is to say a light of 660 nm (red) and 880 nm (infrared) from China [15], as can be seen in Figure 1(b). A Max30205 sensor with an accuracy of 0.1 ºC in the range of 37 to 39 ºC and sending data through an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) compatible interface from the United States from the city of Minnesota [16], as can be seen in Figure 1(c).…”

Real-Time Remote Patient Monitoring: A Review of Biosensors Integrated with Multi-Hop IoT Systems via Cloud Connectivity

“…The core of these biosensors relies on the application of photoplethysmography (PPG) [28]. Commonly integrated into wearable devices, heart rate and pulse oximeter monitors utilize PPG sensors casting light onto the skin.…”