Wearable Electronics Sensors: Current Status and Future Opportunities

Abstract

Abstract. The technological advancement in the past three decades has impacted our lives and wellbeing significantly. Different aspects of monitoring our physiological parameters are considered. Wearable sensors are one of its most important areas that have an ongoing trend and have a huge tendency to rise in the future. The wearable sensors are the externally used devices attached to any individual to measure physiological parameters of interest. The range of wearable sensors varies from minuscule to large scaled devices physically fitted to the user operating on wired or wireless terms. Many common diseases affecting large number of people notably gait abnormalities, Parkinson's disease are analysed by the wearable sensors. The use of wearable sensors has got a better prospect with improved technical qualities and a better understanding of the currently used research methodologies. This chapter deals with the overview of the current and past means of wearable sensors with its associated protocols used for communication. It concludes with the ways the currently dealt wearable sensors can be improved in future.

Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) for Biomedical Applications

“…Wearable MEMS have become a major part of the daily lives of chronic patients, as they are able to remotely monitor vital signs, such as blood and intracranial pressure, glucose levels, heart and respiration rate, body temperature, or O 2 saturation [171,172]. In this context, a new notion of "quantified self" has arisen, referring to the process of personalized data collection regarding the patient's wellbeing through wearable technology.…”

“…Examples of such devices include headbands, wristbands, smartwatches, textile sensors, sociometric badges, and cameras incorporating MEMS devices (Figure 13), which could be able to manage stress, improve sleep patterns, increase productivity, or monitor the progression of the disease [173]. Wearable MEMS have become a major part of the daily lives of chronic patients, as they are able to remotely monitor vital signs, such as blood and intracranial pressure, glucose levels, heart and respiration rate, body temperature, or O2 saturation [171,172]. In this context, a new notion of "quantified self" has arisen, referring to the process of personalized data collection regarding the patient's wellbeing through wearable technology.…”

Real Time Analysis of Bioanalytes in Healthcare, Food, Zoology and Botany

“…Biomarker analysis for healthcare is in the forefront of development. Medical professionals seek sensing systems that are able to gather vital information from the body without the need for expensive invasive procedures [ 124 , 125 , 126 ]. In addition to physical signals, measurement of chemical or biological substances allows medical professionals to predict the onset of a disease and measure the progression of the said disease.…”

A Review of Wrist-Worn Wearable: Sensors, Models, and Challenges

“…(i) Smartwatch (ii) Smart eyewear (e.g., smart glasses and headmounted displays) [14] (iii) Egocentric vision devices [15] (iv) Light-based devices (e.g., LED) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] (v) Fabrics, textiles, and skin-based devices [25][26][27][28] (vi) Tactile gloves [29] (vii) Hair and nail-based devices [30] (viii) Magnetic inputs (e.g., Google cardboard) [31,32] These wearable devices' main challenges are networking, power and heat, display, and mobile input. All of them should be affordable for low-income earners and small in size and consume a small amount of battery power [33]. They can be used to communicate via wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and NFC [33].…”

“…All of them should be affordable for low-income earners and small in size and consume a small amount of battery power [33]. They can be used to communicate via wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and NFC [33].…”