Wear resistance of in situ MMC produced by supersolidus liquid phase sintering (SLPS)

Berns, Hans; Saltykova, A.M.

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2009.01.005

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[1], 2 vol pct carbides, TiC, NbC, WC, and Cr 3 C 2 , were mixed into SKD11 powder, and their effects on sintered density, microstructure, and hardness were examined. The mixture of SKD11 and carbide powder, without graphite additions, was compacted and then sintered at 1523 K (1250°C), which is higher than the upper limit of the sintering window of SKD11+0.25 wt pct carbon.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preservation of Geometrical Integrity of Supersolidus-Liquid-Phase-Sintered SKD11 Tool Steels Prepared with Powder Injection Molding

Chuang

Hwang

2010

Metall Mater Trans A

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The powder injection molded SKD11 tool steels often manifest shape retention problems during supersolidus liquid phase sintering due to the difficulties in controlling the amount of liquid phase. The typical temperature range for the sintering of SKD11 is only 10 K, between 1503 and 1513 K (1230 and 1240°C), and this narrow sintering range demands a special furnace with very uniform temperature distribution. Through the addition of carbides, in particular TiC, this problem is resolved by enlarging the liquid + c + carbide region in the phase diagram and by impeding the grain growth with the carbides. The resulting sintering window is broadened to 40 K, between 1513 and 1553 K (1240 and 1280°C). The relevant mechanisms on the improvement of shape retention are discussed with a focus on the effect of carbide addition on the changes in the phase diagram and the microstructure. A guideline for the selection of effective carbides is also proposed based on the experimental results and the phase diagram analyses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the various PIM materials, tool steels are widely used for parts that require good wear resistance. [1][2][3] One example is SKD11, used in the rotating cams in the hinges of notebook computers and mobile phones. It has a composition similar to that of D2 tool steels, as shown in Table I.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preservation of Geometrical Integrity of Supersolidus-Liquid-Phase-Sintered SKD11 Tool Steels Prepared with Powder Injection Molding

Chuang

Hwang

2010

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…Using alloyed steel powder instead of iron powder for dilution increases the hardenability of the matrix. The partial melting during sintering effectively mixes interstitial as well as substitutional elements of differently alloyed powders 18. Instead of different powders one prealloyed powder may be used and liquid phase sintering merges into super solidus liquid phase sintering (SLPS) 21.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…from atomized powder grains via hardfacing weldments to sand castings and ingot metallurgy (IM) 6. Recent work on iron‐base powder metallurgical (PM) material has revealed that carbides 7 and carborides 8 grow to a much larger size, if hot isostatic pressing (HIP) of gas atomized powder is replaced by liquid phase sintering (LPS). PM manufacturing in general offers the possibility to admix hard particles (HP a ), which are considerably larger than the precipitated ones, to give metal‐matrix‐composites (MMC) 9, 10.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Protection by Fe‐B‐C Hard Phases

Berns

Saltykova

Röttger

et al. 2011

steel research int.

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Four as-cast iron alloys with (mass%) 1B þ 3C, 2B þ 2C, 3B þ 1C and 4B þ 1C were investigated in respect to their microstructure by optical and scanning electron microscopy with EDX and ESBD and by microprobe analysis. The microhardness of eutectic Fe 3 (C,B) increased with the B/C ratio and raised the resistance to scratching by Flint particles. The low melting range of the castings was used for the powder metallurgical production of a metal matrix composite by liquid phase sintering of admixed hard particles in an Fe-B-C base material. Abrasive wear tests showed that the eutectic carborides in the base material raised the wear resistance even more than the admixed particles.

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“…When www.steel-research.de examining the Mg-PSZ foam, the inner closed pores could not be filled, but the liquid melt followed the contour and tried to infiltrate boundary areas. As Berns and Saltykova [22] mention, it is difficult for casted MMCs to reach a volume, respectively, area fraction of HP higher than the mean groove width of the AP. Due to the extensive preparation with fine grinding paper and following polishing with diamond suspension, the actual number of pores within the ceramic could be smaller than depicted on the SEM micrograph.…”

Section: Microscopy and Infiltration Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Casting of Fe–CrMnNi and ZrO₂‐Based Metal–Matrix Composites and Their Wear Properties

Acker

Martin

Meltke

et al. 2016

steel research int.

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Metal-matrix composites (MMCs) are of high interest due to their combination of a ductile matrix with a hard phase for reinforcement. Besides the production via one of the various powder-metallurgical routes, it is also possible to cast MMCs by infiltrating a porous ceramic structure with liquid melt. In the presented work, the infiltration of a macroporous ceramic through gravity casting is described. The MMC described consists of high-alloyed metastable austenitic-martensitic CrMnNi-cast steel and a metastable zirconium dioxide ceramic. Both materials are able to transform martensitic if load is applied. To increase infiltration of the zirconia foam, sulfur has been added to the steel melt. After the casting, the wear behavior during three-body abrasive wear test of the MMC is examined. The MMC as well as the TRIP steel by itself shows a high improvement in wear resistance, when compared to other wear materials. In order to investigate the increased wear resistance, an XRD-evaluation is described. The amount of a 0 -martensite and ferrite changes from 26 to 97 vol% due to abrasive wear while no transformation of the metastable tetragonal Mg-PSZ can be observed.

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Wear resistance of in situ MMC produced by supersolidus liquid phase sintering (SLPS)

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Preservation of Geometrical Integrity of Supersolidus-Liquid-Phase-Sintered SKD11 Tool Steels Prepared with Powder Injection Molding

Preservation of Geometrical Integrity of Supersolidus-Liquid-Phase-Sintered SKD11 Tool Steels Prepared with Powder Injection Molding

Wear Protection by Fe‐B‐C Hard Phases

Casting of Fe–CrMnNi and ZrO₂‐Based Metal–Matrix Composites and Their Wear Properties

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Wear resistance of in situ MMC produced by supersolidus liquid phase sintering (SLPS)

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Preservation of Geometrical Integrity of Supersolidus-Liquid-Phase-Sintered SKD11 Tool Steels Prepared with Powder Injection Molding

Preservation of Geometrical Integrity of Supersolidus-Liquid-Phase-Sintered SKD11 Tool Steels Prepared with Powder Injection Molding

Wear Protection by Fe‐B‐C Hard Phases

Casting of Fe–CrMnNi and ZrO2‐Based Metal–Matrix Composites and Their Wear Properties

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Casting of Fe–CrMnNi and ZrO₂‐Based Metal–Matrix Composites and Their Wear Properties