Wear resistance is one of the essential properties of grinding media. Good wear resistance is the quality guarantee of preparing high‐purity ultrafine powder. This paper mainly studied the influence rule and enhanced mechanism of Sc2O3 on the wear resistance of Al2O3 ceramics. The relationship between Sc2O3 content and sintering properties, wear resistance, and microstructure of ceramics was studied. According to research findings, Sc2O3 could promote the densification of ceramics, improve the morphology of grain boundaries, enhance the binding force of grains, and increase the mechanical property of alumina grain.