Wear rate and concentration of wear particles in lubricating oil

Kjer, Torben

doi:10.1016/0043-1648(81)90105-8

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Prior work by Anderson, Driver, Kjer and Szymczyk [5][6][7] introduced equations for run-in, equilibrium conditions and breakdown based on wear generation rate equations. The system differential equation for wear particle concentration rate in machinery with a single oil filter is…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reference, cited measurements and equations in [5][6][7][8] are based on direct reading ferrography, and therefore on onedimensional arrays, which enable segmentation of particles smaller or larger than 5 μm. Current techniques have progressed towards inline measurements with an optical blocking sensor, see for instance Li and Zhe, Sjödin and Westin [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling and measurement of wear particle flow in a dual oil filter system for condition monitoring

Henneberg

Eriksen

Fich³

2016

Wear

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and measurement of wear particle flow in a dual oil filter system for condition monitoring

Henneberg

Eriksen

Fich³

2016

Wear

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“…The study on the wear particle concentration in the whole life cycle of the machine means the distribution of wear particle concentration over a continuous period, reflects the relationship between wear particle concentration and time. Torben Kjer considered the relationship between wear rate and concentration of large and small particles separately as well as the variation in wear rate during the running-in period [1]. Wojciech Szymczyk presented the methods and the related general mathematical model of concentration variation rates of particles in lubricating during the life of a mechanism [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Measuring Analysis Method and Mechanism of Wear Particle Settlement

Zhang

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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The size and distribution of wear particle in lubricating oil, as important numerical information available in ferrography, is one of the key indexes in wear diagnosis. In this paper, a new method for measuring the size and distribution of abrasive particles is proposed. First, all the abrasive fluid is left standing until all the abrasive particles are precipitated to the bottom. Then, the measuring container is inverted and the whole precipitation process of abrasive particles is recorded by magnetic induction instrument. And according to the precipitation analysis of the wear particle, the following results were obtained:1) At the initial stage of the particle settlement, the gravity, the buoyancy and the drag force of the oil achieve balance quickly, the time and distance of the wear particle moving at a constant velocity can be neglected. 2) The settling velocity is related to the diameter and specific gravity of the wear particle as well as the specific gravity and viscosity of the oil, the distribution of the wear particle is proportional to the square of the diameter of the particle, using the magnetic induction technology, the distribution of particle can be measured by settling time for different sizes of wear particles. 3) Measure the wear particle oil directly, there are different sizes of particles settlement in the bottom at the same time, which causes the difficulty in identifying the size of the particle settlement. The particle should be settled first, and then inverted, settling the particle in accordance with the order from large to small, which facilitates the measurement of different sizes of the particles, different times correspond to different sizes of the particles. 4) The bigger the particle is, the more accurate the measurement and counting is, the smaller the particle is, the bigger the error is.

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“…As almost 80% of common rotating equipment problems are related to misalignment and unbalance, vibration analysis is an important tool that can be used to reduce or eliminate recurring machine problems (Hameed et al, 2009). For example, there was an interesting case and described in several reports (Kjer, 1981;Peng et al, 2005;van Zyl & Al-Sahli, 2013)). On September 26, 2016, gearbox vibration is in normal condition, then on November 17, 2016, gearbox vibration began to increase and exceed maximum allowance value, which is 0.52 in/sec (Max allowance 0.50 in/sec) where the data are taken on the high load.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bearing Failure Analysis on Gearbox Forced Draft Fan at LNG Plant

Pratama

Mukhammad

2018

Indonesian J. Sci. Technol

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Boilers Forced Draft Fan has a gearbox reducer to reduce speed from steam turbine as a driver and fan as the driven. Based on Predictive Maintenance Group at Machinery and Heavy Equipment Section, it was found that gearbox has high vibration and noise when boilers load on 195 Ton/Hr (Max Load 295 Ton/hr). Vibration Analysis indicates that the source of vibration comes from bearings with peak value 0.572 in/sec at gearbox high speed outboard vertical and 0.593 in/sec at gearbox high speed outboard horizontal (Max Allowance 0.50 in/sec). Lubrication analysis using X-ray Flourescence method, to see wear particle on lubricating oil showed that Tin(Sn) content is very high 203.62 mg/L (maximum allowance for Tin(Sn) at gearbox is 20mg/L), but wear debris are not found in lubricating oil. Gearbox disassembly found that high speed and low speed bearings suffered severe corrosion. Corrosion at bearings are caused by water contamination on lubrication oil, it comes from steam leak due to carbon ring failure at steam turbine which is steam turbine bearing lubrication and gearbox lubrication get into one lubrication system. After Bearings replaced with a new one, vibration analysis shown improved vibration conditions 0.084 in/sec at gearbox high speed outboard vertical and 0.066 in/sec at gearbox high speed outboard horizontal. In conclucion, high vibration and noise at gearbox reducer were caused by bearings failure due to severe corrosion, and water contamination on lubrication oil for gearbox due to carbon ring failure on steam turbine.

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Wear rate and concentration of wear particles in lubricating oil

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Modelling and measurement of wear particle flow in a dual oil filter system for condition monitoring

Modelling and measurement of wear particle flow in a dual oil filter system for condition monitoring

Quantitative Measuring Analysis Method and Mechanism of Wear Particle Settlement

Bearing Failure Analysis on Gearbox Forced Draft Fan at LNG Plant

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