Wear modes in open porosity titanium matrix composites with TiC addition processed by spark plasma sintering

Abstract

Titanium Matrix Composites (TMCs) are related to their low specific weight, high elastic modulus and tensile strength. In wear resistance, the benefits of particle reinforcing and the wear mechanisms occurring during sliding events are still under investigation. This work focused on the influence of TiC reinforcing particles on the tribological properties of TMCs with open porosity, processed by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). Materials composed of an equimolar mixture of Ti and TiH2 with 0, 3, 10 and 30 vol% of TiC were sintered at 850°C. Wear tests were carried out using a tribometer in a ball-on-flat configuration. Characterization included density measurements, phase identification, hardness, and wear track analysis. Results showed a microhardness increment from 281 to 554 HV with increasing TiC content. The Coefficient of Friction (CoF) showed a minimum of 0.2 for 10%TiC grade. 3D-profilometry showed the wear volume to decrease 13 times for the 10%TiC reinforced material in comparison to the TiC-free material. For the 3%TiC composite, adhesive wear with severe plastic deformation was identified. The 10%TiC material showed a Mechanical Mixed Layer (MML). The 30% TiC composite showed abrasion as the main wear mechanism. In conclusion, the wear mechanisms, CoFs and wear volume varied with TiC content.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Strengthened Copper with 3 wt. % TiC and/ or Al2O3 Prepared By SPS Technique

“…Is decreased by adding the ceramic particles in which the relative density of pure Cu "S00", and the nanocomposites "S01", "S02" and "S03" are determined as 97, 94, 95, and 94%, respectively. The large difference between the melting point of Cu metal and the nanoceramics reduces the bonding of the composite's constituents and increases the porosity [46]. The porosity of pure Cu "S00" and the nanocomposites "S01", "S02", and "S03" are, observed at the interface as indicated in Fig.…”

Tribological Behavior of Ni-Based WC-Co Coatings Deposited via Spray and Fuse Technique Varying the Oxygen Flow

“…On the other hand, in the figure possibly a relationship between the wear rate and the porosity is not established, since the values of the wear rate only show a notable change in coatings that have 0.42% porosity [29][30][31].…”

Comparative study of the behaviour of several reinforcement materials in titanium matrix produced by Rapid Sinter Pressing Manufacturing

“…Studies conducted to investigate the behaviour and manufacturing of Titanium Matrix Composites (TMCs) have been conducted for nearly four decades. From then on, many authors reported the diversity of methods to improve the properties of Ti and its alloys (Smith and Froes, 1984;Ranganath, 1997;Ravi Chandran et al, 2004;Ni et al, 2006;Tjong and Mai, 2008;Tang et al, 2013;Choi et al, 2014;Jiang et al, 2016;Tkachenko et al, 2018;Farías et al, 2019;Pan et al, 2021;Monisha et al, 2022). Insufficient mechanical and tribological properties of Ti and its alloys may detract from their implementation for uses and applications in which these properties were an imperative need.…”