Wear characteristic of aluminum-based composites containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Choi, Hyunjoo; Lee, S.M.; Bae, D.H.

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2010.08.024

Cited by 160 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In terms of the microstructures of composite materials, the grain is generally refined with increasing contents of reinforcement [16]. Although grain size was attributed to changes in the friction coefficient, the tribological property is dominantly governed more by the lubricous carbon filler than the grain size of matrix [17,18]. Additionally, it is confirmed that the 20 wt% composite demonstrated the best wear performance with the lowest coefficient of friction.…”

Section: Conflict Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 90%

Tribological properties of carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum composites processed by spark plasma sintering

Jung¹,

Nam²,

Kang³

et al. 2017

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The development of light-weight and high-strength materials have gained attention to meet the evergrowing demands for safer and fuel-efficient automobiles. Thus, the importance and applications of composite materials are gradually increasing [1]. In the field of metal-matrix composite manufacturing, reinforcing agents are added to the metal matrix in the form of powders, whiskers, and fibers to improve the mechanical properties of metals [2]. Fibers have been used since the 1950s as structural reinforcements to develop metal-matrix composites. However, the improvements in physical properties in terms of high strength under extreme conditions have not yet been achieved. Thus, research into versatile reinforcements such as carbon fibers (CFs) has been conducted. Choi et al. [3] developed and processed CFs from polyacrylonitrile precursor materials. The resulting polyacrylonitrile-based CFs are still used in a wide-variety of applications since they exhibit excellent elasticity with strength 10 times higher and density 1/5 less than those of steel. Aluminum (Al), on the other hand, is commonly used as an engineering material since it is abundant on the earth's crust and is lightweight (2.7 g/cm 3 ). Additionally, it can easily form an alloy with other metals at low or high temperatures with high ductility and corrosion resistance [4].In practical applications, metal-matrix composites have failed to demonstrate promising results in terms of high strength and tribological properties. Such challenges arise from issues with uniform distribution of reinforcing agents throughout the metal-matrix during processing. Thus, most of the research and studies have focused on the homogenous features of metal-matrix composite processing to improve the tribological behavior. For instance, it has been confirmed that dispersing CFs throughout the polymer [5,6], ceramic [7][8][9], and metal [10-13] matrices reduce the overall friction coefficients and wear rates. While most research has emphasized the importance of processing parameters (such as wt% of CF in the matrix) in achieving low friction traits, it is also crucial to study the influence of structural modifications on the mechanical properties of composites. This is because one could easily assume that low-fiction materials exhibit a low shear strength (e.g., graphite). However, that is not the case for CF-reinforced Al composites. Godet [14] have suggested an alternate scenario of friction characteristics being involved in the formation of third bodies (phases) by using two parent materials [15]. The third bodies are usually shown as a thin film produced by the friction between the two parent materials; they accommodate the relative motion between the two bodies by transmitting stress. Thus, the formation of third bodies (transfer films) is a key to improving the overall tribological properties of CF-Al composites.In this study, CF-Al composites were produced through spark plasma sintering (SPS). The SPS method has the advantage of preventing grain growth during the high tem...

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Section: Conflict Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 90%

Tribological properties of carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum composites processed by spark plasma sintering

Jung¹,

Nam²,

Kang³

et al. 2017

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“…Thus, there have been many investigations to develop MMNCs reinforced with MWCNTs using various fabrication routes. One of the best methods for dispersion of CNTs in matrices is the frequently utilized powder metallurgy process [9,19].…”

Section: Volume Fractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study on aluminum matrix composites reinforced by MWCNTs has shown that the [37] composite with 4.5 vol% of CNTs has the minimum wear rate after 30 min of sliding at an applied load of 30 N and a sliding speed of 0.12 mm/s as shown in Fig. 8.7 [9]. According to this figure, by increasing the volume fraction of MWCNT up to 4.5 vol%, the wear loss of the composites gradually decreases and the wear resistance of the composites increases.…”

Section: Volume Fractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decreasing tendency in wear resistance of the composites which contain the higher volume fraction of MWCNTs may due to the presence of voids, cracks, and agglomeration of nanoparticles. These kinds of defects could act as a source of weakening of the composites, and as a result the wear resistance of the composite decreases [9]. Moreover, many researchers [45,53] have shown that when the volume fraction of nanoparticles in the composite is more than 4 vol%, the The variation of wear rate with volume fraction of MWCNT [9] mechanical properties of composite decrease due to the agglomeration of nanosized particles.…”

Section: Volume Fractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tribology of Metal Matrix Composites

Rohatgi

Tabandeh-Khorshid

Omrani

et al. 2013

Tribology for Scientists and Engineers

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Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are an important class of engineering materials that are increasingly replacing a number of conventional materials in the automotive, aerospace, marine, and sports industries due to their lightweight and superior mechanical properties. In MMCs, nonmetallic materials are embedded into the metals or the alloys as reinforcements to obtain a novel material with attractive engineering properties, such as improved ultimate tensile strength, ductility, toughness, and tribological behavior. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to summarize the tribological performance of various MMCs as a function of several relevant parameters. These parameters include material parameters (size, shape, volume fraction, and type of the reinforcements), mechanical parameters (normal load and sliding speed), and physical parameters (temperature and the environment). In general, it was shown that the wear resistance and friction coefficient of MMCs are improved by increasing the volume fraction of the reinforcements. As the normal load and sliding speed increase, the wear rate of the composites increases and the friction coefficient of the composites decreases. The wear rate and friction coefficient decrease with increasing temperature up to a critical temperature, and thereafter both wear rate and friction coefficient increase with increasing temperature. The nano-composites showed best friction and wear performance when compared to micro-composites.

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“…1 Aluminium-based composites containing ceramic whiskers, fibers and particles have been used for automobile parts such as pistons and cylinder liners in engines due to their superior wear properties. 2 Stir casting techniques are the conventional and economic way of producing AMC. But with the conventional stir casting techniques, it is difficult to produce a particulate reinforced composite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile behaviour and fractography analyses of LM6/ZrO2 composites

Govindan¹,

Jinu²

2017

Mater. Tehnol.

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Aluminium-based metal matrix (LM6) composite materials were prepared using various percentages of 0 %, 3 %, 6 %, 9 % and 12 % of zirconia by the weight fraction method and fabricated by the stir casting method. Five samples were prepared as per the ASTM B-557-M-94 standard, and then the prepared sample was subjected to an energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS), hardness and tensile tests. The hardness and tensile test results revealed that the maximum hardness, maximum ultimate strength, yield strength was obtained for the composite containing 12 % of mass fractions of ZrO2. The percentage of increase in zirconia increases the hardness, ultimate strength, yield strength. The minimum percentage of zirconia gives the minimum hardness and ultimate strength. Then EDS test was conducted on prepared samples. It was confirmed that aluminium and zirconia particles are present in the metal matrix composites. Fractography analysis was also employed in this work to understand the fracture mechanics of the surface. The fractography analysis was conducted with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). From the fractography analysis it was revealed that the nature of the fracture surface was changed from ductile with a large dimple surface to brittle fracture. Keywords: metal matrix composites, aluminium LM6 alloy, zirconia (ZrO 2 ), tensile test, fractography Kovinski kompoziti na osnovi aluminija (LM6) so bili pripravljeni z razli~nimi masnimi dele`i 0 %, 3 %, 6 %, 9 % in 12 % cirkonijevega dioksida, z metodo ulivanja z me{anjem taline. Pet vzorcev je bilo pripravljenih skladno s standardom ASTM B-557-M-94 in nato pregledanih z energijsko disperzijsko spektrometrijo (EDS), izmerjena je bila trdota in izvedeni so bili natezni preizkusi. Iz meritve trdote in nateznih preizkusov sledi, da je bila najve~ja trdota in najvi{ja natezna trdnost dose`ena pri kompozitu z 12 masnimi % ZrO2. Nara{~ajo~a vsebnost cirkonijevega dioksida povi{uje trdoto, natezno trdnost in mejo plasti~nosti. Najmanj{a vsebnost cirkonijevega dioksida daje najmanj{o trdoto in najni`jo natezno trdnost. Na pripravljenih vzorcih je bila izvedena tudi EDS analiza, ki je potrdila, da sta aluminij in delci iz cirkonijevega dioksida prisotna v kovinski osnovi kompozita. Analiza prelomov je bila tudi uporabljena v tem delu, da bi razumeli mehaniko preloma povr{ine. Analiza prelomov je bila izvedena z vrsti~nim elektronskim mikroskopom. Analiza prelomov je odkrila, da se narava povr{ine preloma spreminja iz duktilnega z velikimi jamicami, v krhek prelom. Klju~ne besede: kompoziti s kovinsko osnovo, aluminijeva LM6 zlitina, cirkonijev dioksid (ZrO2), natezni preizkus, analiza preloma

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Wear characteristic of aluminum-based composites containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Cited by 160 publications

References 26 publications

Tribological properties of carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum composites processed by spark plasma sintering

Tribological properties of carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum composites processed by spark plasma sintering

Tribology of Metal Matrix Composites

Tensile behaviour and fractography analyses of LM6/ZrO2 composites

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