Wear behaviour of uncoated and diamond coated Si3N4 tools under severe turning conditions

Abstract

Tribological problems and corrosion degradation have been recognized as essential risks for total joint replacements, especially for all-metal arthroplasty. Few studies have focused on the interactions between tribology and corrosion (tribocorrosion) for implant materials. This paper addresses the importance of understanding tribocorrosion and the evaluation of such materials in simulated biological environments. Due to the complex effect of proteins on tribocorrosion, which has been demonstrated in previous studies, this study focuses towards understanding the effects of amino acids as aspects of material degradation. Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) is a cell culture solution. It contains comparable amount and types of amino acids to normal synovial fluid in human joints. 0.36% NaCl solution was employed to isolate the biological species. Three materials were tested; High carbon (HC) CoCrMo (contains 0.19% carbon), low carbon (LC) CoCrMo (widely used materials for total joint replacement) and stainless steel UNS S31603 (316L). Integrated electrochemical tests supported by measurement of friction and near surface chemical analysis were carried out to enable their tribocorrosion behaviour to be fully characterized. As a general conclusion, amino acids were found to react with materials under tribological contacts and form complex organometallic/oxides which lubricate the metallic sample surface. Tribocorrosion plays a very important role in material degradation in the studied environments. HC CoCrMo shows superior wear, corrosion and tribocorrosion resistance -the material characteristics and their effect on the different tribocorrosion processes are discussed.

Recent Advances on Coated Milling Tool Technology—A Comprehensive Review

“…There have been studies carried out on the wear behavior of diamond-coated tools, such as the studies conducted by Martinho et al [49,50] about the wear mechanism of diamond-coated Si 3 N 4 . The main wear mechanism reported in these studies was abrasive wear, accompanied by adhesive wear.…”

Machining GX2CrNiMoN26-7-4 DSS Alloy: Wear Analysis of TiAlN and TiCN/Al2O3/TiN Coated Carbide Tools Behavior in Rough End Milling Operations

“…In order to increase tool lifespan and boost productivity, carbide and nitride tools have been gaining more and more market share, with tungsten carbide being used very frequently. In addition to further snowballing the lifespan of tools and subjecting them to increasingly severe working conditions, inserts are further coated with the above-mentioned plasma techniques [4,5]. At the outset, the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique was heavily exploited in obtaining diamond coatings [6,7], but evolved into many other materials as diamond is not suitable for machining ferrous alloys.…”

Recent Advances in Turning Processes Using Coated Tools—A Comprehensive Review

“…It was possible to observe that coated tools suffered more adhesive wear than the uncoated inserts. Still regarding the coated Si 3 N 4 ceramic cutting tools, studies made on the wear mechanism of these tools coated with diamond were conducted [68,69], the authors observed the machining performance of coated and uncoated tools; it was found that the cutting force was higher during machining with diamond-coated tools, due to the surface roughness of the rake face. Additionally, the parameter that influenced these cutting forces the most was the feed rate, contributing more to the increase in cutting force than cutting speed.…”