Wear and Surface Roughness of 3D Printed and Milled CAD-CAM Restorative Materials

Abstract

Objective: to assess wear behavior and surface roughness of CAD-CAM restorative materials and their opposing enamel antagonists. Materials and methods: Rectangular-shaped specimens (n=22) (14×12×1.5 mm) were prepared; 3D printed VarseoSmile Crown plus (VS) (n=11) and milled brilliant crios (BC) (n=11). Both groups were finished with composite polishing kit. Wear testing was performed in chewing simulator with twenty-two freshly extracted mandibular premolars antagonists. The wear of specimens and opposing enamel antagonists was calculated by weight loss. The surface roughness (Ra) of the specimens and their opposing enamel antagonist was analyzed by using a digital image analysis software at baseline and after chewing simulation then inspected by SEM. Data were statistically analyzed using Paired t-test, Independent t-test, and Chi square test (p = 0.05). Results: A significant weight loss in tested groups and their opposing enamel antagonists after chewing simulation was noticed by Paired t-test (p < 0.05) where insignificant percentage change of weight between tested groups (p = 0.93) and between their antagonists (p = 0.79) was noticed by Chi square test. Also, A significant difference in Ra value after chewing simulation between tested groups was noticed (p < 0.05) where insignificant percentage change in Ra value between tested groups (p =0.74) and between their antagonists (p = 0.88) was noticed by Chi square test. Conclusions: Based on their properties, each material was affected by chewing simulation at different intensities; The tested CAD-CAM restorative materials and their opposing enamel antagonists showed wear demonstrated by weight loss and difference in surface roughness.