With the rapid development of science and technology, especially the special mechanical structures that work under special working conditions, some bearings that work under extremely severe working conditions such as low temperature and high and low speeds, such as wind turbines, sometimes fail to lubricate. Relying on the transfer film provided by the self-lubricating material in the bearing provides lubrication for the normal operation of the bearing. At present, China is accelerating the development of self-designed large-scale wind turbines, such as high-end and sophisticated technologies, which put forward urgent requirements for long-life and high-stability self-lubricating composite materials. Therefore, the development and development of new self-lubricating materials in accordance with special conditions and studying the self-lubricating friction and wear mechanism of composite materials have extremely important value and significance for solving the problem of bearing life extension and reliability improvement under low temperature conditions. From the perspective of Kang friction science, the mechanism of self-lubricating bearings and the main influencing factors in their design and use were studied and discussed. From the aspects of material selection, sealing and lubrication, the specific suggestions improvement of self-lubricating bearing performance was proposed. This paper studies the friction performance of self-lubricating bearings for robotic joints. This article analyzes the working characteristics and structural characteristics of robotic joint self-lubricating bearings; analyzes the formation principle of PTFE self-lubricating transfer films; proposes a self-lubricating method for solid lubricant transfer films for robots. According to the analysis of research data, when 45 # steel is used to freeze PTFE, when using ethylene (PTFE) self-lubricating material, the surface microstructure of 45 # steel is concentrated on the PTFE-based self-lubricating material and the transfer film. The results show that when the tissue orientation is 0 ° and 90 °, the displacement film is more uniform and the wear rate is smaller. When the angle is 45 °, the resulting transfer film is incomplete and excessively worn.