Weaning Practices and Growth in Rural Sichuan Infants: A Positive Deviance Study

Guldan, Georgia S.; Zhang, Maoyu; Yongpeng, Zhang; Hong, Junrong; Zhang, Huaxin; Fu, Su-Yun; Fu, Neng-Su

doi:10.1093/tropej/39.3.168

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…ASF was associated with significantly increased linear growth in Peruvian toddlers when total complementary food intake was low, but not high [9]. Liver, pork products and total animal protein consumption more than once per week, compared with less frequent consumption, was associated with a significantly higher weight-for-age Z -score (WAZ) in nutritionally vulnerable Chinese infants [10]. Milk intake was not a reported outcome in this study, likely because of infrequent consumption in the studied population.…”

Section: Does Evidence Suggest An Additional Growth Benefit From Asf?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Inclusion of Animal Source Foods in Fortified Blended Foods Justified?

Noriega

Lindshield

2014

Nutrients

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Fortified blended foods (FBF) are used for the prevention and treatment of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) in nutritionally vulnerable individuals, particularly children. A recent review of FBF recommended the addition of animal source food (ASF) in the form of whey protein concentrate (WPC), especially to corn-soy blends. The justification for this recommendation includes the potential of ASF to increase length, weight, muscle mass accretion and recovery from wasting, as well as to improve protein quality and provide essential growth factors. Evidence was collected from the following four different types of studies: (1) epidemiological; (2) ASF versus no intervention or a low-calorie control; (3) ASF versus an isocaloric non-ASF; and (4) ASF versus an isocaloric, isonitrogenous non-ASF. Epidemiological studies consistently associated improved growth outcomes with ASF consumption; however, little evidence from isocaloric and isocaloric, isonitrogenous interventions was found to support the inclusion of meat or milk in FBF. Evidence suggests that whey may benefit muscle mass accretion, but not linear growth. Overall, little evidence supports the costly addition of WPC to FBFs. Further, randomized isocaloric, isonitrogenous ASF interventions with nutritionally vulnerable children are needed.

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Section: Does Evidence Suggest An Additional Growth Benefit From Asf?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Inclusion of Animal Source Foods in Fortified Blended Foods Justified?

Noriega

Lindshield

2014

Nutrients

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“…Some of these are adequate growth, anti-infective properties and increased intelligence quotient. The danger and hazards of early supplementation and weaning have also been studied (Savage King, 1994, Cohen et al, 1994, Guldan et al, 1994, Castillo et al, 1996. These include growth faltering and increased susceptibility to infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitude and practice of health workers in Keffi local government hospitals regarding Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) practices

Okolo

Ogbonna

2002

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of health workers towards Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) practices and thereafter plan an advocacy on BFHI training of the workers. Design: A randomised cross-sectional study. Seting: Ten out of 16 health facilities reflecting all the levels of healthcare provision in Keffi Local Government Area in Nassarawa State, Nigeria, were selected. Staff of these health facilities had not received BFHI training, although breastfeeding is the norm in this population, exclusive breastfeeding is almost zero. Subjects: A total of 250 health workers (six doctors, 160 nurses and 84 auxiliary staff) met in the health facilities at the time of interview. Intervention: A structured questionnaire based on 10 steps to successful breastfeeding was administered by one of the authors and a Lactad nurse between July and October 1995. Results: Fifty-two (20.8%) were aware of the need for initiating breastfeeding within 30 min of birth and 92 (36.8%) were aware of breastfeeding support groups. However, there were significant differences in the level of awareness among the doctors compared to the other categories of health staff (P < 0.05). Also, 48 (19.2%) of the health workers believed that babies less than 6 months of age should not be given water (statistical difference (P < 0.05) between doctors' attitude and that of the other health workers). Thirteen (5.22%) health workers could demonstrate correct positioning and attachment. Conclusion: There was general lack of awareness of some major recommended practices in the hospitals that will promote and sustain breastfeeding. There is therefore the need for policy changes and BFHI training for the staff of these health facilities to respond to the concern and growing need for proper infant=young child feeding.

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“…There are many surveys of baby food, but the majority of them were carried out from the nutritional aspect (Serenuis et al, 1988;Warrington & Storey, 1988;Ammine et al, 1989;Guldan et al, 1993;Marchioni et al, 2001). There are some studies of texture of food for infants and pre-school children (Shirakawa et al, 1985;Gisel, 1991), but asking mothers to put food into texture categories (Shirakawa et al, 1985) may prove rather too abstract a task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of reference foods for a scale of standards for use in assessing the transitional process from milk to solid food in infants and pre-school children

Sakashita¹,

Inoue

Tatsuki

2003

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: This paper describes the development of a reliable scale of standards for use in evaluating the progress of the transition from milk to solid food in infants and preschool children. The maturation of chewing and swallowing behavior in infants and young children, which enables processing of solid food, varies, and a scale would assist not only in the instruction of mothers and nurses but also in preventing delay in the introduction of solid food. Design: A range of 159 reference foods were selected on the basis of intake during the period of transition from liquid to solid food. These foods were listed in our previous study, Validity and reliability were tested to create a scale. Methodology: Foods were selected on the basis of 50% of the subjects studied being able to eat them, and on the food groups classified by cluster analyses using the Varclus procedure of SAS. Validity, of the scale was tested by using Pearson's correlation coefficient between the scale score of selected food items and the total score of all 159 food items. The total score of 159 food items was calculated using the general linear models (GLM) procedure of SAS. Reliability was tested using Cronbach's coefficient a. Setting: Public health centers in Aomori, Tokyo, Saitama, Nagano, and Okinawa (Japan). Subject: Five hundred and eighty healthy mothers and children from 2 to 46 months were randomly selected and 470 (81.0%) completed the study. To avoid regional bias, subjects were drawn from northern to southern prefectures in Japan, namely Aomori, Tokyo, Saitama, Nagano, and Okinawa. Results: Twenty food items were selected. By analyzing the score correlation using Pearson's correlation coefficient (R ¼ 0.97, Po0.001) and GLM (R 2 ¼ 0.95, Po0.001), it was confirmed that these 20 food items adequately represented the original 159. The reliability was also found to be sufficient (Cronbach's coefficient a ¼ 0.96).Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that a scale of standards for measuring progress in chewing ability can be created using 20 food items. Such a standard will provide a useful basis against which to assess delay of solid food introduction in childhood. IntroductionThe ways in which the maturation of chewing and swallowing behavior in an infant enables it to eat solid food are various. In Japan, a suggested program for the transitional process from liquid to solid food focused on 1 y after birth and was supported by the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (Society for Maternal and Child Health, 1997). However, many babies do not follow the instructed transitional process (Sakashita, 1992), and many pre-school children are not good at chewing and swallowing due to Contributors: RS participated in the study design, collected the data, did the statistical analysis, participated in the discussion of results and wrote the paper. NI participated in the study design, coordinated the study participated in the discussion of results and reviewed the paper. TT coordinated the study, and participated in the discussion of results. ...

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Weaning Practices and Growth in Rural Sichuan Infants: A Positive Deviance Study

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Is the Inclusion of Animal Source Foods in Fortified Blended Foods Justified?

Is the Inclusion of Animal Source Foods in Fortified Blended Foods Justified?

Knowledge, attitude and practice of health workers in Keffi local government hospitals regarding Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) practices

Selection of reference foods for a scale of standards for use in assessing the transitional process from milk to solid food in infants and pre-school children

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