Weak Values and Quantum Properties

Matzkin, A.

doi:10.1007/s10701-019-00245-3

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…A deeper understanding of the dynamics of these weak values is offered by “mirage particles”, momentary particles springing from the initial particle during the above “between-measurements” interval. This concept was already alluded in earlier works of ours [ 14 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ] and colleagues [ 23 , 24 ]. Among these mirage particles, there are some of which the presence has a minus sign, implying that, upon a weak enough interaction, their properties, including mass and charge, reverse their sign [ 15 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

The Weak Reality That Makes Quantum Phenomena More Natural: Novel Insights and Experiments

Aharonov

Cohen

Waegell

et al. 2018

Entropy

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While quantum reality can be probed through measurements, the Two-State-Vector formalism (TSVF) reveals a subtler reality prevailing between measurements. Under special pre-and postselections, odd physical values emerge. This unusual picture calls for a deeper study. Instead of the common, wave-based picture of quantum mechanics, we suggest a new, particle-based perspective: Each particle possesses a definite location throughout its evolution, while some of its physical variables (characterized by deterministic operators, some of which obey nonlocal equations of motion) are carried by "mirage particles" accounting for its unique behavior. Within the time-interval between pre-and post-selection, the particle gives rise to a horde of such mirage particles, of which some can be negative. What appears to be "no-particle," known to give rise to Interaction-Free Measurement, is in fact a self-canceling pair of positive and negative mirage particles, which can be momentarily split and cancel out again. Feasible experiments can give empirical evidence for these fleeting phenomena. In this respect, the Heisenberg ontology is shown to be conceptually advantageous compared to the Schrödinger picture. We review several recent advances, discuss their foundational significance and point out possible directions for future research.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

The Weak Reality That Makes Quantum Phenomena More Natural: Novel Insights and Experiments

Aharonov

Cohen

Waegell

et al. 2018

Entropy

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“…Without abandoning the orthodox quantum mechanics viewpoint, weak values have 052219-3 been given a number of different, often incompatible, interpretations [33][34][35][36][37][38][39]; see Ref. [40] for a recent review on the difficulties to accommodate the weak values within the orthodox ontology.…”

Section: What Are the Implications Of Weak Values And Intrinsic Properties Being Equivalent?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying weak values with intrinsic dynamical properties in modal theories

et al. 2021

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The so-called eigenvalue-eigenstate link states that no property can be associated to a quantum system unless it is in an eigenstate of the corresponding operator. This precludes the assignation of properties to unmeasured quantum systems in general. This arbitrary limitation of orthodox quantum mechanics generates many puzzling situations such as for example the impossibility to uniquely define a work distribution, an essential building block of quantum thermodynamics. Alternatively, modal theories (e.g., Bohmian mechanics) provide an ontology that always allows one to define intrinsic properties, i.e., properties of quantum systems that are detached from any possible measuring context. We prove here that Aharonov, Albert, and Vaidman's notion of a weak value can always be identified with an intrinsic dynamical property of a quantum system defined in a certain modal theory. Furthermore, the fact that weak values are experimentally accessible (as an ensemble average of weak measurements which are postselected by a strong measurement) strengthens the idea that understanding the intrinsic (unperturbed) dynamics of quantum systems is possible and useful in a given modal theory. As examples of the physical soundness of these intrinsic properties, we discuss three intrinsic Bohmian properties, viz., the dwell time, the work distribution, and the quantum noise at high frequencies.

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“…In these weak measurement, quantum coherences are observed as an average shift of the meter system, lending some credibility to the idea that we might be looking at an intermediate reality that manifests itself as a well-defined external effect. The problem with the weak measurement limit is the low resolution of each individual measurement outcome, which makes it highly problematic to associate the average result with a physical property of the individual system [30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. It is therefore of great interest to consider alternative approaches that can provide meaningful insights into the causal origin of intermediate observations while keeping the disturbance of the measurement interaction at a negligibly low level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Causality Relations and the Emergence of Reality from Coherent Superpositions

Hofmann¹

2020

Found Phys

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The Hilbert space formalism describes causality as a statistical relation between initial experimental conditions and final measurement outcomes, expressed by the inner products of state vectors representing these conditions. This representation of causality is in fundamental conflict with the classical notion that causality should be expressed in terms of the continuity of intermediate realities. Quantum mechanics essentially replaces this continuity of reality with phase sensitive superpositions, all of which need to interfere in order to produce the correct conditional probabilities for the observable input-output relations. In this paper, I investigate the relation between the classical notion of reality and quantum superpositions by identifying the conditions under which the intermediate states can have real external effects, as expressed by measurement operators inserted into the inner product. It is shown that classical reality emerges at the macroscopic level, where the relevant limit of the measurement resolution is given by the variance of the action around the classical solution. It is thus possible to demonstrate that the classical notion of objective reality emerges only at the macroscopic level, where observations are limited to low resolutions by a lack of sufficiently strong intermediate interactions. This result indicates that causality is more fundamental to physics than the notion of an objective reality, which means that the apparent contradictions between quantum physics and classical physics may be resolved by carefully distinguishing between observable causality and unobservable sequences of hypothetical realities "out there".

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Weak Values and Quantum Properties

Cited by 29 publications

References 53 publications

The Weak Reality That Makes Quantum Phenomena More Natural: Novel Insights and Experiments

The Weak Reality That Makes Quantum Phenomena More Natural: Novel Insights and Experiments

Identifying weak values with intrinsic dynamical properties in modal theories

Quantum Causality Relations and the Emergence of Reality from Coherent Superpositions

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