This paper is devoted to the study of noncommutative maximal operators with rough kernels. More precisely, we prove the weak type (1, 1) boundedness for noncommutative maximal operator with a rough kernel. Then, via the noncommutative Marcinkiewicz type interpolation theorem, together with a trivial (∞, ∞) estimate, we obtain its Lp boundedness for all 1 < p < ∞. The proof of weak type (1,1) estimate is based on the noncommutative Calderón-Zygmund decomposition. To deal with the rough kernel, we use the microlocal decomposition in the proofs of both bad and good functions.