Weak Relationship Between Ionized and Total Magnesium in Serum of Patients Requiring Magnesium Status

Johansson, Mona; Whiss, Per A

doi:10.1385/bter:115:1:13

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The later result was expected because of the fact that only 1% of Mg is found in blood and the body works very hard to keep blood levels of Mg constant [10]. However, Johansson and Whiss [55] reported that the correlation of ionized Mg (iMg2 + ) and total Mg in serum is weak. Altura et al [56] also found that short-term dietary elevations in Mg intake can result in a significant elevation of serum ionized Mg, although total serum Mg is unaffected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc in a Combination with Magnesium Helps Reducing Negative Effects of Heat Stress in Quails

Küçük

2008

Biol Trace Elem Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to investigate whether zinc (Zn) along with magnesium (Mg) is effective in alleviating the negative effects of heat stress in Japanese quails. One hundred and twenty 10-day-old healthy Japanese quails were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, three replicates of ten birds each. The birds were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with either 30 mg of Zn/kg of diet, 600 mg of Mg/kg of diet, or 30 mg of Zn + 600 mg of Mg/kg of diet. The birds were kept under a high temperature (35 degrees C) for 8 h/day. Feed consumption was greatest with the combination of Zn and Mg supplementation (P < 0.01). Hot and chilled dressing percentages were greater (P < 0.05) with Zn- and Mg-supplemented diets. Concentrations of plasma malondialdehyde were lower (P < 0.01) with both Zn and Mg supplementations. Mg concentrations in the serum remained similar with either Zn or Mg supplements in the diet (P > 0.05). Serum glucose concentrations were lowest in birds fed the basal diet. Supplementing a combination of Zn and Mg may offer a potential protective management practice in preventing heat stress-related depression in performance of quails.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc in a Combination with Magnesium Helps Reducing Negative Effects of Heat Stress in Quails

Küçük

2008

Biol Trace Elem Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The pH effect on the binding of Ca and Mg to albumin and protein 14,15 has likely impacted the changes we observed and mirrored the changes in pH. Point of care devices to date for blood analyses cannot yet measure the ionized component of iMg [Abbott i-Stat ® ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionized magnesium and calcium concentration and their ratio in equine plasma samples as determined by a regulatory laboratory compared to a clinical reference laboratory

Schumacher

Yardley

Bertone

2018

Drug Testing and Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ) was administered to calm competition horses. We evaluated the impact of regulatory requirements for the handling of blood samples on plasma ionized magnesium (iMg), ionized calcium (iCa), the iMg to iCa ratio, and pH.We hypothesized that iCa, iMg. and iMg/iCa would be similar among storage and collection methods. Four blood samples were collected from each of 50 horses on the same day: Group 1collection in a heparinized syringe and processed within hours in a clinical laboratory; Group 2collection into a plasma separator tube (PST) centrifuged just prior to analysis, and plasma processed as in (1); Group 3collection into a PST, refrigerated, shipped via overnight carrier to the United States Equestrian Federation (USEF) Equine Drug Testing and Research laboratory, centrifuged just prior to analysis, and plasma processed; and Group 4as in Group 3, but stored frozen at −80°C for 90 days, thawed, and plasma processed as in Group 3. Results for iMg/iCa are unit-less, adjusted iMg for potential influence of plasma protein and iCa, and highly correlated with iMg pH (r = −.933; P < 0.01). Samples processed immediately in a clinical reference laboratory had the greatest iMg/iCa. Both iMg/iCa and pH predictably decreased after freezing (P < 0.001). These data suggest that the iMg/iCa mirrors alterations in iMg regardless of storage and collection methods. This understanding can facilitate the development of a regulatory threshold for the control of the nefarious use of magnesium sulfate in competing horses, and an understanding of potential changes to iMg/iCa with storage of B samples. KEYWORDSionized calcium, ionized magnesium, ionized magnesium to ionized calcium ratio, magnesium sulfate, regulatory

show abstract

“…The relationship between total SrMg and iMg is complex, altered in asthma and also affected by changes in serum pH. 3,8,9 Concerns about potential side effects of highdose magnesium sulfate have limited the use of this therapy outside the pharmacokinetic rationale. For example, many studies limited the maximal dose to 2000 mg, regardless of patient size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Short-Term Infusion of Magnesium Sulfate in Pediatric Patients With Status Asthmaticus

Irazuzta

Egelund

Wassil

et al. 2012

The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE This report describes the feasibility of high-dose magnesium sulfate infusion in pediatric patients with status asthmaticus. METHODS Retrospective chart review over a 3-year period of all patients younger than 18 years of age with status asthmaticus who underwent a high-dose magnesium sulfate infusion for 4 hours. All patients were breathing spontaneously but were refractory to conventional therapy. The magnesium sulfate infusion regimen was 50 mg/kg (for patients weighing .30 kg) or 75 mg/kg (for those weighing 30 kg) over a period of 30 to 45 minutes, followed by a continuous infusion of 40 mg/kg/hr for 4 hours. Information regarding vital and clinical respiratory signs, serum magnesium (SrMg), ionized magnesium (iMg), electrocardiograms, and cardiac troponin levels were retrieved. We analyzed the relationship between SrMg and iMg by using linear regression analysis. RESULTS Nineteen patients were included. At the end of the infusion, SrMg levels were 4.4 6 0.8 mg/ dL, and iMg levels were 0.95 6 0.2 mmol/L. SrMg levels only moderately predicted iMg (r 2 ¼ 0.541). There were no reports of hypotension, respiratory failure, neurological problems, or nausea. Discomfort at the site of infusion was reported in three cases. Troponin levels (n ¼ 12) and electrocardiograms (n ¼ 12), when available, were noted at the end of the infusion and were normal in all patients p¼0.01. CONCLUSIONS In this case series, short-term high-dose administration of magnesium sulfate in the context of status asthmaticus was feasible, and we did not observe clinical complications with its use. Total SrMg was inadequate to reflect the active form of magnesium, iMg. The dose used achieved theoretical therapeutic levels of iMg.INDEX TERMS asthma, feasibility, infusion, magnesium sulfate, status asthmaticus J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2012;17(2):150-154

show abstract

Weak Relationship Between Ionized and Total Magnesium in Serum of Patients Requiring Magnesium Status

Cited by 32 publications

References 23 publications

Zinc in a Combination with Magnesium Helps Reducing Negative Effects of Heat Stress in Quails

Zinc in a Combination with Magnesium Helps Reducing Negative Effects of Heat Stress in Quails

Ionized magnesium and calcium concentration and their ratio in equine plasma samples as determined by a regulatory laboratory compared to a clinical reference laboratory

Feasibility of Short-Term Infusion of Magnesium Sulfate in Pediatric Patients With Status Asthmaticus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About