Weak Intermolecular Interactions for Strengthening Organic Batteries

Abstract

Organic batteries have attracted a lot of attention due to the advantages of flexibility, light weight, vast resources, low cost, recyclability, and ease to be functionalized through molecular design. The biggest difference between organic materials and inorganic materials is the relatively weak intermolecular interactions in organic materials but strong covalent or ionic bonds in inorganic materials, which is the inherent reason of their different physiochemical and electrochemical characteristics. Therefore, the relatively weak intermolecular interactions can indisputably affect the electrochemical performance of organic batteries significantly. Herein, the intermolecular interactions that are closely related to organic redox-active materials and unique in organic batteries are summarized into three parts: 1) between neighbor active molecules, 2) between active molecules and the conduction additives, and 3) between active molecules and the binders. We hope this short review can give a distinct viewpoint for better understanding the internal reasons of high-performance batteries and stimulate the deep studies of relatively weak intermolecular interactions for strengthening the performance of organic batteries. REVIEW Organic Batteries

Diradicals or Zwitterions: The Chemical States of m -Benzoquinone and Structural Variation after Storage of Li Ions

“…A particular note is that the ion-ion interactions may also exist between the zwitterions and Li salt. 10 Such ionion interactions would also decrease the intermolecular interactions between 4,6DA1,3BQ molecules and hence alter the solubility of 4,6DA1,3BQ accordingly. Subsequently, the galvanostatic cycling stability of 4,6DA1,3BQ as cathodes within a potential window of 1.3-3.0 V (vs. Li/Li + ) at a current rate of 100 mA g -1 displayed a roughly negative correlation with the solubility (Figure 5B).…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Hence, various organic materials have been reported as electrodes for batteries. [8][9][10][11][12] Among them, carbonyl-based materials are of the most significance because of the high capacity and stable charge/discharge voltage, which stimulated the reviving of organic batteries. However, the reported carbonyl materials are mainly based on oor pbenzoquinones, o-imides or p-carboxylates.…”

Construction of a Poly(anthraquinone Sulfide)/Carbon Nanotube Composite with Enhanced Li‐ion Storage Capacity

“…[2][3][4] Moreover, organic electrode materials are usually not limited by counterion selection and will, therefore, have a wider application range than that inorganic electrode materials. [5] In particular, carbonyl compounds, and especially quinone compounds, have emerged among the most promising candidate organic energy storage materials due to their advanta-geously high theoretical energy density, fast speed, and good reaction reversibility . [6][7] Moreover, the presence of two carbonyl groups enables the anthraquinone materials to participate in multi-electron reactions [8] and, thus, obtain a higher specific capacity [9] than that of the presently-used inorganic materials.…”

Advances in Organic Anode Materials for Na‐/K‐Ion Rechargeable Batteries

“…We believe that given the rapidly evolving nature of research in this field and concurrent growing scope of applications, focused reviews can effectively assist the overall progress of the field. The field of organic electrode materials for metal‐ion batteries is seeking greater prominence in recent years and more emphasis is being directed to finetuning molecular properties . Given the diversity of materials and redox behavior, and their growing applicability, specific classification of materials can complement active research.…”