‘Weak‐Center’ Gentrification and the Contradictions of Containment: Deconcentrating Poverty in Downtown Los Angeles

Reese, Ellen; DeVerteuil, Geoffrey; Thach, Leanne

doi:10.1111/j.1468-2427.2010.00900.x

Cited by 51 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Additionally, it is important to note how the transitional housing approaches contrast with other policies applied in the same cities to street encampments during the time my research was undertaken: in Los Angeles, the Safer Cities Initiative took a 'police first' approach in its skid row district, that critics state resulted in the arrest of 2,218 persons for misdemeanors in its first 10 months (mostly for occupying sidewalks during daytime and public urination/defecation) with only 17% referred to shelters (Blasi et al, 2007;Reese et al, 2010), whereas Tokyo's chiiki seikatsu ikō shien jigyō (Support Program to Transition to Community Living) used a 'housing first' approach that placed 1,945 people in long-term subsidized housing over a 3-year period. 10 The fact that a punitive approach to street homelessness coincided with social-tie-building transitional housing programs in Los Angeles, and an ameliorative approach to street homelessness coincided with rigid transitional housing programs in Tokyo, challenges theorizations of a potentially globalizing punitive turn in addressing homelessness and urban marginality (Smith, 1996;Mitchell, 1997;Vitale, 2009;Wacquant, 2009;2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways out of Homelessness in Los Angeles and Tokyo: Multilevel Contexts of Limited Mobility amid Advanced Urban Marginality

Marr

2012

Int J Urban Regional Res

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The widespread entrenchment of gaping urban inequality has aroused concern about how economic, demographic and (neoliberal) ideological globalization interacts with local conditions to shape its magnitude, manifestations and experiences. This article explores how the process of exiting homelessness is affected by an interaction of social contexts operating at multiple levels, from the global to the individual. I advance and assess a multilevel framework of exiting homelessness by combining comparison of secondary data at multiple social levels and fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis of longitudinal interview data from persons using transitional housing programs in Los Angeles and Tokyo. In the two cities, individual vulnerabilities and acculturation to homelessness are superseded via different pathways out of homelessness. Pathways in Los Angeles rely on social and organizational ties amid a paucity of economic opportunities, whereas pathways in Tokyo use economic resources amid limited ties. Contrary to approaches that emphasize singular contexts driving marginality, I demonstrate differing local impacts of globalization and the important and interacting roles of the state, organizational contexts of social service delivery and cultural dimensions of social capital. This points towards the utility of a new poverty management framework for understanding interventions addressing homelessness as fragmented, contradictory and contingent upon multiple contexts. Résumé Le creusement généralisé de l'inégalité urbaine a suscité un intérêt pour la manière dont la mondialisation économique, démographique et idéologique (néolibérale) en dessine l'ampleur, les manifestations et les expériences en fonction des situations locales. Cet article étudie comment l'état de sans‐abri est affecté par une interaction entre contextes sociaux opérant à différents échelons (du mondial au local). On peut définir et évaluer un cadre multi‐niveaux pour l'état de sans‐abri, en combinant une comparaison de données secondaires à plusieurs niveaux sociaux et une analyse comparative qualitative d'un ensemble flou de données longitudinales tirées d'entretiens avec des personnes participant à un programme de logement provisoire à Los Angeles ou à Tokyo. Dans ces deux villes, les vulnérabilités individuelles et l'acculturation à l'état de sans‐abri sont surmontées via des cheminements de sortie différents. À Los Angeles, ceux‐ci s'appuient sur des liens sociaux et organisationnels face au manque d'opportunités économiques, tandis qu'à Tokyo, ils passent par des ressources économiques face à des liens limités. Contrairement aux approches qui mettent en avant la singularité des contextes conduisant à la marginalité, ce travail montre des impacts locaux différents de la mondialisation, ainsi que l'importance et l'interaction des rôles de l'État, des environnements organisationnels, de la fourniture des services sociaux, et des dimensions culturelles du capital social. Un nouveau cadre de gestion de la pauvreté paraît nécessaire pour ap...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways out of Homelessness in Los Angeles and Tokyo: Multilevel Contexts of Limited Mobility amid Advanced Urban Marginality

Marr

2012

Int J Urban Regional Res

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“…However, gentrification‐induced displacement is not limited to residents. It is important to consider the bigger picture including residential, commercial (e.g., Lees, ), and voluntary sectors, as well as homeless displacement (Reese, Deverteuil, & Thach, ). However, the strategies implemented for controlling residential displacement can be potentially adapted to other types, as observed by DeVerteuil () in his study of the displacement of the voluntary sector.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a socially acceptable gentrification: A review of strategies and practices against displacement

2017

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This article offers a systematic review of available studies on gentrification and displacement with the primary goal of identifying the few (relative to the number of publications) solutions or strategies being suggested for mitigating displacement. We categorize these strategies into 3 types: tenants' protection, controlling ownership and development, and community empowerment. Each strategy is accompanied by various tools which may differ from one context to another. Finally, proposing that displacement can be controlled, the article concludes that counteracting the negative effects of gentrification requires more than just reducing displacement. In other words, we believe that there are several issues beyond physical displacement to be considered in order to make gentrification socially acceptable.

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“…Butler and Lees 2006; Hamnett 2003). Conversely, Los Angeles County is far more polycentric and patchy, leading to a weak‐centre pattern of gentrification structured by multiple and competing cores (Reese et al . 2010).…”

Section: Context and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resisting gentrification‐induced displacement: Advantages and disadvantages to ‘staying put’ among non‐profit social services in London and Los Angeles

DeVerteuil

2011

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‘Weak‐Center’ Gentrification and the Contradictions of Containment: Deconcentrating Poverty in Downtown Los Angeles

Abstract: This case study of recent efforts to deconcentrate poverty within the Skid Row area of Los

Cited by 51 publications

References 28 publications

Pathways out of Homelessness in Los Angeles and Tokyo: Multilevel Contexts of Limited Mobility amid Advanced Urban Marginality

Pathways out of Homelessness in Los Angeles and Tokyo: Multilevel Contexts of Limited Mobility amid Advanced Urban Marginality

Toward a socially acceptable gentrification: A review of strategies and practices against displacement

Resisting gentrification‐induced displacement: Advantages and disadvantages to ‘staying put’ among non‐profit social services in London and Los Angeles

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