We Are What We Eat: A Stoichiometric and Ecometabolomic Study of Caterpillars Feeding on Two Pine Subspecies of Pinus sylvestris

Rivas‐Ubach, Albert; Peñuelas, Josep; Hódar, José A.; Oravec, Michal; Paša‐Tolić, Ljiljana; Urban, Otmar; Sardans, Jordi

doi:10.3390/ijms20010059

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Thus, understanding plant species' metabolic shifts in response to drought will allow prediction and mitigation of ecological change in wild and crop plant communities under scenarios of increased drought. In addition, changes in plant metabolome may affect community composition and ecosystem trophic webs through shifts in the nutritional value of plant tissues or through the accumulation of secondary protective compounds that may play a role as attractants/repellents, triggered by acclimation mechanisms to environmental change [2,5,21]. Gaining a deeper understanding of metabolic adaptive strategies to short-term drought effects may thus be useful in the selection of novel drought-resistant genotypes of crop plant species.…”

Section: Droughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term "ecometabolomics", which first appeared in the scientific literature in 2009 [1,2], describes the use of nontarget metabolomics to study the responses, acclimation and adaptation of living organisms to environmental conditions [3][4][5][6]. The advances in nontarget analytical platforms has provided a new tool for ecologists and environmental researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is thus a need to review both what has been learned from these studies and to explore the potential for applying ecometabolomics in future research. Thus, ecometabolomics can provide important knowledge regarding the acclimation responses to stress at the level of primary metabolism shifts and regulation of secondary metabolites related to antioxidants and defense against stress [1,3,5,17,19]. Furthermore, ecometabolomics should provide clues for breeding and selection in evolutionary and epigenetic processes [1,3,5,17,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecometabolomics for a Better Understanding of Plant Responses and Acclimation to Abiotic Factors Linked to Global Change

et al. 2020

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The number of ecometabolomic studies, which use metabolomic analyses to disentangle organisms’ metabolic responses and acclimation to a changing environment, has grown exponentially in recent years. Here, we review the results and conclusions of ecometabolomic studies on the impacts of four main drivers of global change (increasing frequencies of drought episodes, heat stress, increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and increasing nitrogen (N) loads) on plant metabolism. Ecometabolomic studies of drought effects confirmed findings of previous target studies, in which most changes in metabolism are characterized by increased concentrations of soluble sugars and carbohydrate derivatives and frequently also by elevated concentrations of free amino acids. Secondary metabolites, especially flavonoids and terpenes, also commonly exhibited increased concentrations when drought intensified. Under heat and increasing N loads, soluble amino acids derived from glutamate and glutamine were the most responsive metabolites. Foliar metabolic responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations were dominated by greater production of monosaccharides and associated synthesis of secondary metabolites, such as terpenes, rather than secondary metabolites synthesized along longer sugar pathways involving N-rich precursor molecules, such as those formed from cyclic amino acids and along the shikimate pathway. We suggest that breeding for crop genotypes tolerant to drought and heat stress should be based on their capacity to increase the concentrations of C-rich compounds more than the concentrations of smaller N-rich molecules, such as amino acids. This could facilitate rapid and efficient stress response by reducing protein catabolism without compromising enzymatic capacity or increasing the requirement for re-transcription and de novo biosynthesis of proteins.

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Section: Droughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecometabolomics for a Better Understanding of Plant Responses and Acclimation to Abiotic Factors Linked to Global Change

et al. 2020

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“…Novel chemical characterization methods, such as MS-based metabolomics, can produce a large number of markers (metabolomic features) that can be used to identify more precisely low-concentration PBAPs present in the atmosphere. Prior work has shown that the high sensitivity of MS instruments can detect the overall changes of organisms’ metabolomes under biotic and nonbiotic stresses. − In addition, MS-based metabolomic analyses have been proven to differentiate metabolic signatures between plant genotypes of the same species, , between tree subspecies coexisting in the same environment, and between insects of the same species with different age and sex or even feeding on distinct tree varieties . In addition, MS-based metabolomics techniques have been also applied in aerosol research, i.e., atmospheric-ecometabolomics, and proven to efficiently differentiate chemical fingerprints of ambient samples collected in distinct seasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40−42 In addition, MS-based metabolomic analyses have been proven to differentiate metabolic signatures between plant genotypes of the same species, 43,44 between tree subspecies coexisting in the same environment, 45 and between insects of the same species with different age and sex 46 or even feeding on distinct tree varieties. 47 In addition, MS-based metabolomics techniques have been also applied in aerosol research, i.e., atmosphericecometabolomics, 26 and proven to efficiently differentiate chemical fingerprints of ambient samples collected in distinct seasons. Therefore, entire metabolic fingerprints, i.e., a collection of multiple metabolic features detected from samples, can act as unique complex signatures for individual samples that, together with recent bioinformatic methods (i.e., artificial intelligence), can serve to improve tracking of PBAPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the Source of Primary Biological Aerosol Particles: A Pollen Case Study

Rivas‐Ubach

Stanfill²,

China

et al. 2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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Primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs) are microscopic solids suspended in the atmosphere emitted by biological systems and play critical roles in the atmosphere and the atmosphere−biosphere system, impacting human health, climate, and the ecosystem function. Understanding the sources of PBAPs is necessary to decipher the mechanistic interactions between aerosols, climate, and other ecosystem components. However, the detection of specific PBAPs in complex ambient aerosol samples is challenging. We performed metabolomics analyses of pollen from three pollinating tree species and ambient samples collected during the peak pollination period of each species. Random Forest and sPLS-DA machine learning methods were employed to evaluate whether metabolic signatures of ambient samples can reveal the source of the main pollen particles present in the atmosphere. Our results suggest that atmospheric ecometabolomics techniques combined with sophisticated statistical methods can decipher the origin of abundant PBAPs from complex ambient samples. Developing complete libraries containing high-resolution metabolomic fingerprints of the major PBAPs present in the atmosphere would significantly advance future research to accurately understand the role of PBAPs in the atmosphere, ecosystems, and human health.

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Ecometabolomics of plant–herbivore and plant–fungi interactions: a synthesis study

et al. 2021

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The functional adaptive responses of higher plants to biotic interactions with herbivores and fungi have long been topics of research. One constraint to obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the most general plant responses, however, has been the difficulty of studying all plant functional shifts simultaneously due to analytical limitations. Now this is possible with the advent of metabolomics. Using 151 records from the WEB of SCIENCE database, we have analyzed the development and application of metabolomic profiles to ecological studies in the last two decades. We have used meta-analysis and pathway enrichment analyses to assess the whole set of constitutive and inducible defenses. Constitutive defenses against herbivores were mainly based on a significant high level of the metabolism of several amino acids with parallel increases in the concentrations of flavones (phenolics) and saponins (glycosides). Inducible defenses, though, were mainly based on the increases in concentration of methyl-ketone, pantothenate, and Coenzyme A. Butyrate metabolism and the mitochondrial electron-transport chain were upregulated, in agreement with previous reports that herbivory-activated plant chemical defenses were mainly based on jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and ethylene-associated pathways. The metabolic responses/acclimations to pathogenic fungi were mainly linked with increases in aspartate and pyruvate metabolism, the transfer of acetyl groups within mitochondria, and the upregulation of branched-chain amino acids degradation pathways. These responses/acclimations were accompanied by higher concentrations of the most important groups of secondary metabolites such as phenolics (anthocyanins, flavonoids), quinones, alkaloids, terpenoids, and polyamines and other compounds related to antistress mechanisms such as proline. The leaves of mycorrhized plants accumulated nucleotide sugars, sphingolipids, and methylhistidine. These responses were associated with maintaining the integrity of plant cell membranes under fungal hypha penetration. The responses were accompanied by increases in the concentrations of phenolics, blumenols, and alkaloids and decreases in the concentrations of polyamines, consistent with the mycorrhizal inhibition of polyamines. This summary provides a clear synthesis of the most successful plant strategies selected after millions of years of evolution and will be a very promising tool for the management of crops and ecosystems and for selecting the main lines in breeding studies for future research.

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We Are What We Eat: A Stoichiometric and Ecometabolomic Study of Caterpillars Feeding on Two Pine Subspecies of Pinus sylvestris

Cited by 10 publications

References 82 publications

Ecometabolomics for a Better Understanding of Plant Responses and Acclimation to Abiotic Factors Linked to Global Change

Ecometabolomics for a Better Understanding of Plant Responses and Acclimation to Abiotic Factors Linked to Global Change

Deciphering the Source of Primary Biological Aerosol Particles: A Pollen Case Study

Ecometabolomics of plant–herbivore and plant–fungi interactions: a synthesis study

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