Wavelength-tunable split-and-delay optical system for hard X-ray free-electron lasers

Osaka, Taito; Hirano, Takashi; Sano, Yasuhisa; Inubushi, Yuichi; Matsuyama, Satoshi; Tono, Kensuke; Ishikawa, Tetsuya; Yamauchi, Kazuto; Yabashi, Makina

doi:10.1364/oe.24.009187

Cited by 54 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…have been developed and are planned to be operated at LCLS 38 , SACLA 39 and European XFEL 22 . Recently compact split-and-delay units has been demonstrated 40,41 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Double-pulse speckle contrast correlations with near Fourier transform limited free-electron laser light using hard X-ray split-and-delay

Roseker

Lee

Walther

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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the ability to deliver two coherent X-ray pulses with precise time-delays ranging from a few femtoseconds to nanoseconds enables critical capabilities of probing ultra-fast phenomena in condensed matter systems at X-ray free electron laser (feL) sources. Recent progress made in the hard X-ray split-and-delay optics developments now brings a very promising prospect for resolving atomic-scale motions that were not accessible by previous time-resolved techniques. Here, we report on characterizing the spatial and temporal coherence properties of the hard X-ray feL beam after propagating through split-and-delay optics. Speckle contrast analysis of small-angle scattering measurements from nanoparticles reveals well-preserved transverse coherence of the beam. Measuring intensity fluctuations from successive X-ray pulses also reveals that only single or double temporal modes remain in the transmitted beam, corresponding to nearly fourier transform limited pulses. X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFEL) based on Self Amplified Spontaneous Emission (SASE) deliver ultra-fast and spatially highly coherent hard X-ray radiation with extreme peak brightness (~10 12 photons in a single pulse) making them ideal tools for studying atomic-scale dynamics in various condensed matter systems. The Linac Coherent Light Source (USA) was the first FEL to demonstrate lasing in the hard X-ray regime 1 followed by SACLA (Japan) 2 , PAL-FEL (South Korea) 3 , European XFEL (Germany) 4 and SwissFEL 5. The most prominent time-resolved techniques used at the storage rings such as optical laser pump and X-ray probe 6-9 methods or X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) 10 have in the meantime also been recently demonstrated at the FEL sources 11-14. The pump-probe approach has benefitted greatly from using femtosecond X-ray pulse duration provided at FEL facilities complemented by state of the art timing synchronisation schemes between optical laser and X-ray pulses 15,16. These capabilities have enabled elaborate pump-probe 17-19 and single-shot coherent imaging experiments 20,21. However, replicating XPCS experiments at FELs is much more challenging because the intrinsic time-structure of the FEL sources is unsuitable for studying high-speed dynamical processes in many materials. Currently, most of FELs generate discrete bursts of X-ray radiation at a repetition rate ranging typically between

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“…have been developed and are planned to be operated at LCLS 38 , SACLA 39 and European XFEL 22 . Recently compact split-and-delay units has been demonstrated 40,41 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-pulse speckle contrast correlations with near Fourier transform limited free-electron laser light using hard X-ray split-and-delay

Roseker

Lee

Walther

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The OH contains beam attenuators and slits for further beam tailoring as well as an imager system to provide in-situ visualization of the beam size, shape, and intensity. A split-and-delay line (SDL) [107,108] will also be installed in the OH and will give the possibility of modifying the time-structure of the beam. Normally, the European XFEL delivers ultrashort (~1-100 fs) pulses of photons every 220 ns (4.5 MHz), but with the SDL under construction for MID it is possible to reduce this spacing to any value from~10 fs to 800 ps [109].…”

Section: Mid Instrumentation and Capabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photon Beam Transport and Scientific Instruments at the European XFEL

et al. 2017

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Featured Application: This article describes the layout of the European XFEL, a soft and hard X-ray free-electron laser user facility starting operation in 2017. Emphasis is put on the photon beam systems, scientific applications and the instrumentation of the scientific instruments of the European XFEL.Abstract: European XFEL is a free-electron laser (FEL) user facility providing soft and hard X-ray FEL radiation to initially six scientific instruments. Starting user operation in fall 2017 European XFEL will provide new research opportunities to users from science domains as diverse as physics, chemistry, geo-and planetary sciences, materials sciences or biology. The unique feature of European XFEL is the provision of high average brilliance in the soft and hard X-ray regime, combined with the pulse properties of FEL radiation of extreme peak intensities, femtosecond pulse duration and high degree of coherence. The high average brilliance is achieved through acceleration of up to 27,000 electron bunches per second by the super-conducting electron accelerator. Enabling the usage of this high average brilliance in user experiments is one of the major instrumentation drivers for European XFEL. The radiation generated by three FEL sources is distributed via long beam transport systems to the experiment hall where the scientific instruments are located side-by-side. The X-ray beam transport systems have been optimized to maintain the unique features of the FEL radiation which will be monitored using build-in photon diagnostics. The six scientific instruments are optimized for specific applications using soft or hard X-ray techniques and include integrated lasers, dedicated sample environment, large area high frame rate detector(s) and computing systems capable of processing large quantities of data.

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“…We developed a hard X-ray split-and-delay optical (SDO) system based on the Bragg diffraction in crystal optics for generating two split pulses with a variable temporal separation [46][47][48]. To achieve both high stability and operational flexibility, the SDO system was designed to include both variable-delay and fixed-delay branches.…”

Section: Recent Scientific Highlights and New Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of the SACLA Facility

et al. 2017

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Abstract:This article reports the current status of SACLA, SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser, which has been producing stable X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) light since 2012. A unique injector system and a short-period in-vacuum undulator enable the generation of ultra-short coherent X-ray pulses with a wavelength shorter than 0.1 nm. Continuous development of accelerator technologies has steadily improved XFEL performance, not only for normal operations but also for fast switching operation of the two beamlines. After upgrading the broadband spontaneous-radiation beamline to produce soft X-ray FEL with a dedicated electron beam driver, it is now possible to operate three FEL beamlines simultaneously. Beamline/end-station instruments and data acquisition/analyzation systems have also been upgraded to allow advanced experiments. These efforts have led to the production of novel results and will offer exciting new opportunities for users from many fields of science.

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Wavelength-tunable split-and-delay optical system for hard X-ray free-electron lasers

Cited by 54 publications

References 29 publications

Double-pulse speckle contrast correlations with near Fourier transform limited free-electron laser light using hard X-ray split-and-delay

Double-pulse speckle contrast correlations with near Fourier transform limited free-electron laser light using hard X-ray split-and-delay

Photon Beam Transport and Scientific Instruments at the European XFEL

Status of the SACLA Facility

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